本文链接

1.首先要先创建数组

create or replace type t_ret_table is table of varchar2(20);

2.利用自定义函数实现一，利用函数返回数组．
create or replace function f_split_string(var_str in string,var_split In String) return t_ret_table 
is
var_out t_ret_table;
var_tmp varchar2(4000);
var_element varchar2(4000);
begin
var_tmp := var_str;
var_out := t_ret_table();
--如果存在匹配的分割符
while instr(var_tmp,var_split)>0 loop
var_element := substr(var_tmp,1,instr(var_tmp,var_split)-1);
var_tmp := substr(var_tmp,instr(var_tmp,var_split)+length(var_split),length(var_tmp));
var_out.extend(1);
var_out(var_out.count) := var_element;
end loop;
var_out.extend(1);
var_out(var_out.count) := var_tmp;
return var_out;
end f_split_string;

3.利用 pipelined Function 函数实现.
create or replace function f_split(var_str in string,var_split In String) return t_ret_table PIPELINED
as
var_tmp varchar2(4000);
var_element varchar2(4000);
n_length Number := length(var_split);
begin
var_tmp := var_str;
while instr(var_tmp,var_split)>0 loop
var_element := substr(var_tmp,1,instr(var_tmp,var_split)-1);
var_tmp := substr(var_tmp,instr(var_tmp,var_split)+n_length,length(var_tmp));
pipe row(var_element);
end loop;
pipe row(var_tmp);
return;
end f_split;

4.字符串分割的函数，返回数组，但是也可以使用语句查询
select * from table(f_split_string('hanjs-zhaos','-'));

5.对于需要排序的，完全可以在查询时体现．
注意：查询出来的列名为 Column_Value

6.怎样支掉字符串中逗号间重复的字符 
如 ',1,2,5,9,1,2,5,9,1,2,9,1,2,9,1,2,3,9,1,2,3,9,1,2,9,1,2,9,1,2,3,9,1,2,3,9,'怎样支掉字符串中逗号间重复的字符,并将字符升序排列，得到
',1,2,3,5,9,'
百思不得其解，是高手的试一下。

解答：
select col from(
select sys_connect_by_path(col,',')||',' col,level from(
select col,row_number() over(order by rownum) rn from (
select distinct substr(col,instr(col,',',1,rownum)+1,instr(col,',',1,rownum+1)-instr(col,',',1,rownum)-1) col from (
select ',1,2,5,9,1,2,5,9,1,3,9,' col from dual
) connect by rownum<length(translate(col,','||col,','))
)
)
connect by prior rn = rn -1 order by level desc
) where rownum=1

    使用shell脚本实现对Oracle数据库的监控与管理将大大简化DBA的工作负担，如常见的对实例的监控，监听的监控，告警日至的监控，以及数据库的备份，AWR report的自动邮件等。本文给出Linux 下使用 shell 脚本来监控 Oracle 监听器。

    Linux Shell的相关参考：
        Linux/Unix shell 脚本中调用SQL,RMAN脚本
        Linux/Unix shell sql 之间传递变量
        Linux Unix shell 调用 PL/SQL
        Linux/Unix shell 监控Oracle实例(monitor instance)

1、监控Oracle监听shell脚本

robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/bin> more ck_lsnr.sh 
# +-------------------------------------------------------+
# +    CHECK LISTENER STATUS AND RESTART IT WHEN FAILED   |
# +    Author : Robinson                                  | 
# +    Blog   ：http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612        |
# +    Parameter : No                                     | 
# +-------------------------------------------------------+

#!/bin/bash 
# --------------------
# Define variable
# --------------------

if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then
. ~/.bash_profile
fi
 
TIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`;  export TIMESTAMP
DBALIST="robinson.cheng@12306.com"; export DBALIST
MAILPATH=/users/robin/dba_scripts/sendEmail-v1.56
LOG_DIR=/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/log
LOG_FILE=${LOG_DIR}/lsnr_status_$TIMESTAMP.log
RETENTION=2

# -----------------------------------------
# Define how many listeners need to monitor
# -----------------------------------------

DB_COUNT=6
DB[1]=CNBO1
DB[2]=CNBOTST
DB[3]=CNMMBO
DB[4]=MMBOTST
DB[5]=SYBO2SZ
DB[6]=CNBO2

# -------------------------
# Begin to check listener
# -------------------------

touch $LOG_FILE
echo "`date` " >>$LOG_FILE
echo " The following listeners are down on `hostname`" >>$LOG_FILE
echo "-----------------------------------------------" >>$LOG_FILE

COUNT=1
while [ $COUNT -le $DB_COUNT ];
do
    for db in ${DB[$COUNT]};
    do
    lsnr_flag=`ps -ef | grep -i listener_${DB[$COUNT]} | grep -v grep`
        if [ -z "$lsnr_flag" ]; then
            echo "The listener for the database ${DB[$COUNT]} is down." >>$LOG_FILE
            echo "=======> restart listener for the database ${DB[$COUNT]}" >>$LOG_FILE
            lsnrctl start listener_${DB[$COUNT]} >>$LOG_FILE
            echo -e "------------------------------------------------------------------\n" >>$LOG_FILE
        fi
    done;
    COUNT=`expr $COUNT + 1`
done;

# --------------------------
# Send Email
# --------------------------

cnt=`grep "restart listener" $LOG_FILE |wc -l`
if [ "$cnt" -gt 0 ];then
    $MAILPATH/sendEmail -f szdb@2gotrade.com -t $DBALIST -u "Listener crashed on `hostname`" -o message-file=$LOG_FILE
else
    rm -rf $LOG_FILE
fi

# ------------------------------------------------
# Removing files older than $RETENTION parameter 
# ------------------------------------------------

find ${LOG_DIR} -name "*lsnr_status*" -mtime +$RETENTION -exec rm {} \;

exit

oracle@SZDB:/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/bin> ./ck_lsnr.sh 
Feb 01 17:16:34 szdb sendEmail[18611]: Email was sent successfully!
Fri Feb  1 17:16:33 CST 2013      #下面是测试脚本邮件发送包含的内容
 The following listeners are down on SZDB
-----------------------------------------------
The listener for the database CNBO1 is down.
=======> restart listener for the database CNBO1

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on 01-FEB-2013 17:16:33

Copyright (c) 1991, 2006, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /users/oracle/OraHome10g/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production System parameter file is 
/users/oracle/OraHome10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /users/oracle/OraHome10g/network/log/listener_cnbo1.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.101.7.2)(PORT=1901)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.101.7.2)(PORT=1901)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     listener_CNBO1
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                01-FEB-2013 17:16:33
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /users/oracle/OraHome10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /users/oracle/OraHome10g/network/log/listener_cnbo1.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.101.7.2)(PORT=1901)))
Services Summary...
Service "CNBO1" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "CNBO1", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
------------------------------------------------------------------

2、补充
   a、上面的监控监听脚本可以监控多个监听器。
   b、监听器的名字的定义格式为LISTENER_$ORACLE_SID，未考虑缺省监听器的情形，如使用缺省监听器请做相应更改。
   b、使用了数组的方式来定义实例名，每一个对应一个监听器，确保DB_COUNT的值与需要监控的监听器个数相符。
   c、数组的每一个元素使用的是ORACLE_SID，如果是RAC，可以将其改为主机名。
   d、如果检测到监听器宕掉的情形则会自动重启监听并发送邮件。
   e、使用了sendEmail邮件发送程序来发送邮件。参阅：不可或缺的 sendEmail
   f、通过crontab来部署该脚本。另，Oracle 10g测试可用，Oracle 11g待测。

更多参考

有关Oracle RAC请参考
     使用crs_setperm修改RAC资源的所有者及权限
     使用crs_profile管理RAC资源配置文件
     RAC 数据库的启动与关闭
     再说 Oracle RAC services
     Services in Oracle Database 10g
     Migrate datbase from single instance to Oracle RAC
     Oracle RAC 连接到指定实例
     Oracle RAC 负载均衡测试(结合服务器端与客户端)
     Oracle RAC 服务器端连接负载均衡(Load Balance)
     Oracle RAC 客户端连接负载均衡(Load Balance)
     ORACLE RAC 下非缺省端口监听配置(listener.ora tnsnames.ora)
     ORACLE RAC 监听配置 (listener.ora tnsnames.ora)
     配置 RAC 负载均衡与故障转移
     CRS-1006 , CRS-0215 故障一例 
     基于Linux (RHEL 5.5) 安装Oracle 10g RAC
     使用 runcluvfy 校验Oracle RAC安装环境

有关Oracle 网络配置相关基础以及概念性的问题请参考：
     配置非默认端口的动态服务注册
     配置sqlnet.ora限制IP访问Oracle
     Oracle 监听器日志配置与管理