一 .减少控制文件，有一个控制文件损坏，我们要将损坏的控制文件剔除。步骤：
1.修改参数文件，并验证
2.停止数据库
3.启动数据库
4.验证,查看v$controlfile
下面是实际操作过程。
1 . 用sysdba用户登录数据库。
[Oracle@oracle ~]$ sqlplus oracle/oracle as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Jul 3 01:24:57 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> show user
USER is "SYS"
SQL>
2 . 先查看一下，控制文件.
SQL> select * from v$controlfile;
STATUS NAME IS_ BLOCK_SIZE FILE_SIZE_BLKS
------- -------------------------------------------------- --- ---------- --------------
/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control01.ctl NO 16384 430
/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control02.ctl NO 16384 430
/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control03.ctl NO 16384 430
3. 修改参数文件
SQL> alter system set control_files=
2 '/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control01.ctl','/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control02.ctl' scope=spfile;
System altered.
这个时候查看控制文件并没有改变。
SQL> select * from v$controlfile;
STATUS NAME IS_ BLOCK_SIZE FILE_SIZE_BLKS
------- -------------------------------------------------- --- ---------- --------------
/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control01.ctl NO 16384 430
/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control02.ctl NO 16384 430
/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control03.ctl NO 16384 430
4. 关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
5. 启动数据库
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 268435456 bytes
Fixed Size 1218868 bytes
Variable Size 79693516 bytes
Database Buffers 180355072 bytes
Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
6. 查看控制文件是否改变
SQL> select * from v$controlfile;
STATUS NAME IS_ BLOCK_SIZE FILE_SIZE_BLKS
------- -------------------------------------------------- --- ---------- --------------
/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control01.ctl NO 16384 430
/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control02.ctl NO 16384 430
已经由原来的三个变成了两个。
二. 增加控制文件的个数
主要操作步骤：
1.修改参数文件
2.停止数据库
3.复制控制文件
4.启动数据库
5.验证,查看v$controlfile
下面是实际操作步骤：
1. 修改参数文件
SQL> alter system set control_files=
2 '/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control01.ctl',
3 '/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control02.ctl',
4 '/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/controlfile/control03.ctl'
5 scope=spfile;
System altered.
2. 关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
3. 复制控制文件到刚才指定的位置
host cp /fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control02.ctl /fantlam/oradata/fantlam/controlfile/control03.ctl
4. 启动数据库
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 268435456 bytes
Fixed Size 1218868 bytes
Variable Size 79693516 bytes
Database Buffers 180355072 bytes
Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
5. 查看v$controlfile视图验证
SQL> select * from v$controlfile;
STATUS NAME IS_ BLOCK_SIZE FILE_SIZE_BLKS
------- -------------------------------------------------- --- ---------- --------------
/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control01.ctl NO 16384 430
/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/control02.ctl NO 16384 430
/fantlam/oradata/fantlam/controlfile/control03.ctl NO 16384 430