请教：这个makefile的写法__myMaths_executable_int_headers_include_

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请教：这个makefile的写法

来源: 互联网发布时间：2016-09-19

本文导语: 在工程目录（Proj）下有如下几个子目录： headers（用于统一存放.a静态库的头文件，以便于其它程序调用.a文件时，统一到该目录下寻找相应的头文件）； lib（用于统一存放.a静态库文件，其它程序到该目录下寻找库...

在工程目录（Proj）下有如下几个子目录：
headers（用于统一存放.a静态库的头文件，以便于其它程序调用.a文件时，统一到该目录下寻找相应的头文件）；
lib（用于统一存放.a静态库文件，其它程序到该目录下寻找库文件，调用相应的方法）；
myMaths（数学功能的.c文件，编译后生成.a静态库（置于上面lib目录下））；
operations（应用程序目录，调用上述的数学功能库）。
-----------------------

在headers目录下，有myMaths.h头文件。
其内容为：
int myIntAdd(int a, int b);
int myIntMinus(int a, int b);

在myMaths目录下，有myMaths.c实现文件。
其内容为：
#include "myMaths.h" //希望引用上述../headers/目录下的myMaths.h头文件
int myIntAdd(int a, int b)
{
        return a+b;
}
int myIntMinus(int a, int b)
{
        return a-b;
}
--------------------------------------------

现在想在myMaths目录下，写一个makefile文件，
将myMahts.c中的两个功能函数编译成.a静态库文件，并置于../lib/目录下。

我目前写的makefile为：
myMaths.a : myMaths.o
        ar rc myMaths.a  myMaths.o
        rm myMaths.o

myMaths.o : myMaths.c
        g++ -o myMaths.o -c myMaths.c -I ../headers
clean:
        rm *.o

上述makefiel可以运行，并生成.a文件，
但我不希望写上述的“-I ../headers”，
据说通过VPATH可以设置查找路径，
但由于不会用，发现不起作用（不写-I，就找不到头文件）。

所以，请教各位，
该如何写在myMahts目录下的makefiel文件，
使其能够自动查找../headers目录下的头文件，并生成相应.a文件。

或者，还有什么更好的方法实现上述的需求？

谢谢！！

你再改改，感觉这个不错.

#http://hi.baidu.com/loganx/blog/item/402f1a37e0c5f7380a55a995.html
#=======================================================================================
#
#     Filename: Makefile
# Description:
#
#        Usage: make              (generate executable                      )
#               make clean        (remove objects, executable, prerequisits )
#               make tarball      (generate compressed archive              )
#               make zip          (generate compressed archive              )
#
#      Version: 1.0
#      Created:
#     Revision: ---
#
#       Author:
#      Company:
#        Email:
#
#        Notes: C   extension   : c
#               C++ extensions : cc cpp C
#               C and C++ sources can be mixed.
#               Prerequisites are generated automatically; makedepend is not
#               needed (see documentation for GNU make Version 3.80, July 2002,
#               section 4.13). The utility sed is used.
#
#============================================== makefile template version 1.6 ==========

# ------------ name of the executable ------------------------------------------------
EXECUTABLE      = test

# ------------ list of all source files ----------------------------------------------
SOURCES         = test.cpp

# ------------ compiler --------------------------------------------------------------
CC              = gcc
CXX             = g++

# ------------ compiler flags --------------------------------------------------------
CFLAGS          = -Wall -O0 -g      # Do not optimize. Produce debugging information.

# ------------ linker-Flags ----------------------------------------------------------
LFLAGS          = -g

# ------------ additional system include directories ---------------------------------
GLOBAL_INC_DIR =

# ------------ private include directories -------------------------------------------
#LOCAL_INC_DIR   = $(HOME)/include
LOCAL_INC_DIR   = $(HOME)/doc/C.Language/newmanlib

# ------------ system libraries (e.g. -lm ) -----------------------------------------
SYS_LIBS        = -lm

# ------------ additional system library directories ---------------------------------
GLOBAL_LIB_DIR =

# ------------ additional system libraries -------------------------------------------
GLOBAL_LIBS     =

# ------------ private library directories -------------------------------------------
LOCAL_LIB_DIR   = $(HOME)/lib

# ------------ private libraries (e.g. libxyz.a ) -----------------------------------
LOCAL_LIBS      =

# ------------ archive generation -----------------------------------------------------
TARBALL_EXCLUDE = *.{o,gz,zip}
ZIP_EXCLUDE     = *.{o,gz,zip}

# ------------ run executable out of this Makefile (yes/no) -------------------------
# ------------ cmd line parameters for this executable -------------------------------
EXE_START       = no
EXE_CMDLINE     =

#=======================================================================================
# The following statements usually need not to be changed
#=======================================================================================

C_SOURCES       = $(filter     %.c, $(SOURCES))
CPP_SOURCES     = $(filter-out %.c, $(SOURCES))
ALL_INC_DIR     = $(addprefix -I, $(LOCAL_INC_DIR) $(GLOBAL_INC_DIR))
ALL_LIB_DIR     = $(addprefix -L, $(LOCAL_LIB_DIR) $(GLOBAL_LIB_DIR))
GLOBAL_LIBSS    = $(addprefix $(GLOBAL_LIB_DIR)/, $(GLOBAL_LIBS))
LOCAL_LIBSS     = $(addprefix $(LOCAL_LIB_DIR)/, $(LOCAL_LIBS))
ALL_CFLAGS      = $(CFLAGS) $(ALL_INC_DIR)
ALL_LFLAGS      = $(LFLAGS) $(ALL_LIB_DIR)
BASENAMES       = $(basename $(SOURCES))

# ------------ generate the names of the object files --------------------------------
OBJECTS         = $(addsuffix .o,$(BASENAMES))

# ------------ generate the names of the hidden prerequisite files -------------------
PREREQUISITES   = $(addprefix .,$(addsuffix .d,$(BASENAMES)))

# ------------ make the executable ---------------------------------------------------
$(EXECUTABLE):    $(OBJECTS)
ifeq ($(strip $(CPP_SOURCES)),)
$(CC) $(ALL_LFLAGS) -o $(EXECUTABLE) $(OBJECTS) $(LOCAL_LIBSS) $(GLOBAL_LIBSS) $(SYS_LIBS)
else
$(CXX) $(ALL_LFLAGS) -o $(EXECUTABLE) $(OBJECTS) $(LOCAL_LIBSS) $(GLOBAL_LIBSS) $(SYS_LIBS)
endif
ifeq ($(EXE_START),yes)
./$(EXECUTABLE) $(EXE_CMDLINE)
endif

# ------------ include the automatically generated prerequisites ---------------------
# ------------ if target is not clean, tarball or zip             ---------------------
ifneq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),clean)
ifneq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),tarball)
ifneq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),zip)
include         $(PREREQUISITES)
endif
endif
endif

# ------------ make the objects ------------------------------------------------------
%.o:%.c
$(CC) -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) $