PR值是google衡量网站的重要标准之一,根据google提供的结果获取pr值,如:
http://toolbarqueries.google.com.hk/tbr?client=navclient-auto&features=Rank:&q=info:phpddt.com&ch=8fabc62ea
<?php
/*
*功能:对URL进行编码
*参数说明:$web_url 网站URL,不包含"http://"
*/
function HashURL(/blog_article/$url/index.html)
{
$SEED = "Mining PageRank is AGAINST GOOGLE'S TERMS OF SERVICE. Yes, I'm talking to you, scammer.";
$Result = 0x01020345;
for ($i=0; $i<strlen($url); $i++)
{
$Result ^= ord($SEED{$i%87}) ^ ord($url{$i});
$Result = (($Result >> 23) & 0x1FF) | $Result << 9;
}
return sprintf("8%x", $Result);
}
/*
*功能:根据google提供的pr查询接口获取pagerank
*参数说明:$domain 网站域名,不包含"http://"
*/
function pagerank($domain)
{
$StartURL = "http://toolbarqueries.google.com/tbr?client=navclient-auto&features=Rank:&q=info:";
$GoogleURL = $StartURL.$domain. '&ch='.HashURL(/blog_article/$domain/index.html);
echo $GoogleURL.'<br>';
$fcontents = file_get_contents("$GoogleURL");
$pagerank = substr($fcontents,9);
if (!$pagerank) return "0";else return $pagerank;
}
echo pagerank("phpddt.com");
?>
想不让某个IP访问网站,可以封他的IP,下面就提供这个方法。看下面的代码。
function get_ip_data(){
$ip=file_get_contents("http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php?ip=".get_client_ip());
$ip = json_decode($ip);
if($ip->code){
return false;
}
$data = (array) $ip->data;
if($data['region']=='湖北省' && !isCrawler()){
exit('http://www.a.net');
}
}
function isCrawler() {
$spiderSite= array(
"TencentTraveler",
"Baiduspider+",
"BaiduGame",
"Googlebot",
"msnbot",
"Sosospider+",
"Sogou web spider",
"ia_archiver",
"Yahoo! Slurp",
"YoudaoBot",
"Yahoo Slurp",
"MSNBot",
"Java (Often spam bot)",
"BaiDuSpider",
"Voila",
"Yandex bot",
"BSpider",
"twiceler",
"Sogou Spider",
"Speedy Spider",
"Google AdSense",
"Heritrix",
"Python-urllib",
"Alexa (IA Archiver)",
"Ask",
"Exabot",
"Custo",
"OutfoxBot/YodaoBot",
"yacy",
"SurveyBot",
"legs",
"lwp-trivial",
"Nutch",
"StackRambler",
"The web archive (IA Archiver)",
"Perl tool",
"MJ12bot",
"Netcraft",
"MSIECrawler",
"WGet tools",
"larbin",
"Fish search",
);
if(in_array(strtolower($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']),$spiderSite)){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}
//取客户端 ip
function get_client_ip()
{
if (isset($_SERVER)){
if (isset($_SERVER["HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"])){
$realip = $_SERVER["HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"];
} else if (isset($_SERVER["HTTP_CLIENT_IP"])) {
$realip = $_SERVER["HTTP_CLIENT_IP"];
} else {
$realip = $_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"];
}
} else {
if (getenv("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR")){
$realip = getenv("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
} else if (getenv("HTTP_CLIENT_IP")) {
$realip = getenv("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
} else {
$realip = getenv("REMOTE_ADDR");
}
}
return $realip;
}
在实际项目或者自己编写小工具(比如新闻聚合,商品价格监控,比价)的过程中, 通常需要从第3方网站或者API接口获取数据, 在需要处理1个URL队列时, 为了提高性能, 可以采用cURL提供的curl_multi_*族函数实现简单的并发。
本文将探讨两种具体的实现方法, 并对不同的方法做简单的性能对比.
1. 经典cURL并发机制及其存在的问题
经典的cURL实现机制在网上很容易找到, 比如参考PHP在线手册的如下实现方式:
function
classic_curl(/blog_article/$urls,_br/_$delay/index.html)
{
$queue
= curl_multi_init();
$map
= array();
foreach
($urls
as
$url)
{
//
create cURL resources
$ch
= curl_init();
//
set URL and other appropriate options
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 1);
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL, true);
//
add handle
curl_multi_add_handle($queue,
$ch);
$map[$url]
= $ch;
}
$active
= null;
//
execute the handles
do
{
$mrc
= curl_multi_exec($queue,
$active);
}
while
($mrc
== CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM);
while
($active
> 0 && $mrc
== CURLM_OK) {
if
(curl_multi_select($queue,
0.5) != -1) {
do
{
$mrc
= curl_multi_exec($queue,
$active);
}
while
($mrc
== CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM);
}
}
$responses
= array();
foreach
($map
as
$url=>$ch)
{
$responses[$url]
= callback(curl_multi_getcontent($ch),
$delay);
curl_multi_remove_handle($queue,
$ch);
curl_close($ch);
}
curl_multi_close($queue);
return
$responses;
}
首先将所有的URL压入并发队列, 然后执行并发过程, 等待所有请求接收完之后进行数据的解析等后续处理. 在实际的处理过程中, 受网络传输的影响, 部分URL的内容会优先于其他URL返回, 但是经典cURL并发必须等待最慢的那个URL返回之后才开始处理, 等待也就意味着CPU的空闲和浪费. 如果URL队列很短, 这种空闲和浪费还处在可接受的范围, 但如果队列很长, 这种等待和浪费将变得不可接受.
2. 改进的Rolling cURL并发方式
仔细分析不难发现经典cURL并发还存在优化的空间, 优化的方式时当某个URL请求完毕之后尽可能快的去处理它, 边处理边等待其他的URL返回, 而不是等待那个最慢的接口返回之后才开始处理等工作, 从而避免CPU的空闲和浪费. 闲话不多说, 下面贴上具体的实现:
function
rolling_curl(/blog_article/$urls,_br/_$delay/index.html)
{
$queue
= curl_multi_init();
$map
= array();
foreach
($urls
as
$url)
{
$ch
= curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 1);
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_setopt($ch,
CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL, true);
curl_multi_add_handle($queue,
$ch);
$map[(string)
$ch]
= $url;
}
$responses
= array();
do
{
while
(($code
= curl_multi_exec($queue,
$active))
== CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM) ;
if
($code
!= CURLM_OK) { break;
}
//
a request was just completed -- find out which one
while
($done
= curl_multi_info_read($queue))
{
//
get the info and content returned on the request
$info
= curl_getinfo($done['handle']);
$error
= curl_error($done['handle']);
$results
= callback(curl_multi_getcontent($done['handle']),
$delay);
$responses[$map[(string)
$done['handle']]]
= compact('info',
'error',
'results');
//
remove the curl handle that just completed
curl_multi_remove_handle($queue,
$done['handle']);
curl_close($done['handle']);
}
//
Block for data in / output; error handling is done by curl_multi_exec
if
($active
> 0) {
curl_multi_select($queue,
0.5);
}
}
while
($active);
curl_multi_close($queue);
return
$responses;
}
3. 两种并发实现的性能对比
改进前后的性能对比试验在LINUX主机上进行, 测试时使用的并发队列如下:
http://a.com/item.htm?id=14392877692
http:/a.com/item.htm?id=16231676302
http://a.com/item.htm?id=5522416710
http://a.com/item.htm?id=16551116403
简要说明下实验设计的原则和性能测试结果的格式: 为保证结果的可靠, 每组实验重复20次, 在单次实验中, 给定相同的接口URL集合, 分别测量Classic(指经典的并发机制)和Rolling(指改进后的并发机制)两种并发机制的耗时(秒为单位), 耗时短者胜出(Winner), 并计算节省的时间(Excellence, 秒为单位)以及性能提升比例(Excel. %). 为了尽量贴近真实的请求而又保持实验的简单, 在对返回结果的处理上只是做了简单的正则表达式匹配, 而没有进行其他复杂的操作. 另外, 为了确定结果处理回调对性能对比测试结果的影响, 可以使用usleep模拟现实中比较负责的数据处理逻辑(如提取, 分词, 写入文件或数据库等).
性能测试中用到的回调函数为:
function
callback($data,
$delay)
{
preg_match_all('/<h3>(.+)<\/h3>/iU',
$data,
$matches);
usleep($delay);
return
compact('data',
'matches');
}
数据处理回调无延迟时: Rolling Curl略优, 但性能提升效果不明显。