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Oracle 外连接实现代码
来源: 互联网 发布时间:2014-09-07
本文导语: 1. LEFT OUTER JOIN:左外关联 SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name FROM employees e LEFT OUTER JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id); 等价于 SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name FROM employees e, departments d WHERE e.department_id=d.dep...
1. LEFT OUTER JOIN:左外关联
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
LEFT OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
等价于
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e, departments d
WHERE e.department_id=d.department_id(+);
结果为:所有员工及对应部门的记录,包括没有对应部门编号department_id的员工记录。
2. RIGHT OUTER JOIN:右外关联
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
RIGHT OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
等价于
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e, departments d
WHERE e.department_id(+)=d.department_id;
结果为:所有员工及对应部门的记录,包括没有任何员工的部门记录。
3. FULL OUTER JOIN:全外关联
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
FULL OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
结果为:所有员工及对应部门的记录,包括没有对应部门编号department_id的员工记录和没有任何员工的部门记录。
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
LEFT OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
等价于
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e, departments d
WHERE e.department_id=d.department_id(+);
结果为:所有员工及对应部门的记录,包括没有对应部门编号department_id的员工记录。
2. RIGHT OUTER JOIN:右外关联
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
RIGHT OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
等价于
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e, departments d
WHERE e.department_id(+)=d.department_id;
结果为:所有员工及对应部门的记录,包括没有任何员工的部门记录。
3. FULL OUTER JOIN:全外关联
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
FULL OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
结果为:所有员工及对应部门的记录,包括没有对应部门编号department_id的员工记录和没有任何员工的部门记录。