原因： 1. 创建 Empty Application 时没有 Using Storyboard 选项，需要手动创建 MainStoryboard。
2. Changed Main Storyboard in Target's Summary view
3. For an Empty Application, the default implementation of didFinishLaunchingWithOptions is :
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
self.window = [[[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]] autorelease];
// Override point for customization after application launch.
self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
[self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
return YES;
}
原因：此处重新创建的 Window 把我们在 storyboard 里的 UI 给覆盖了。
4. update the default implementation of didFinishLaunchingWithOptions to the following:
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
return YES;
}
BTW： if we create an Sing View Application, we can see that "Using storyboard" checkbox.
NSString *path = @"/User/desktop/text.txt";
//可解析中文
NSString *str = [NSString stringWithContentOfFile:path
encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];
//如果解析gbk中文，需要用encoding kFCStringEncodingGB_2312
//而且必须转类型，CFStringConvertNSStringEncodingToEncoding(encoding kFCStringEncodingGB_2312)
//url也可以远程访问网页
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString: @"file///User/Desktop/text.txt"];
NSString *str = [NSString stringWithContentsOfURL: url
encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];
第一步：首先在linux下添加驱动
1.查看原理图，找出未使用的引脚，这里是：GPJ0_0 GPJ0_1
2.添加char字符设备驱动，找到LINUX源代码下的char设备驱动路径: FriendlyArm /Linux3.0.8/ Drivers/char/目录，在目录下新建里一个文件lzm_fjicc.c 用来写驱动用。
需要注册设备、设备的打开、关闭、取消设备等操作。
源代码如综合实验一：
第二步：建立Android测试代码，第一步要实现.so文件：
1.打开eclipseàFileàNewàAndroid Application Project com.example.TEST
2.新建jni文件夹，在文件夹内新建两个文件：test-jni.c和Android.mk
Android.mk内容如下：
# Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include$(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE := test-jni
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := test-jni.c
include$(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
jni0922.c内容如下：
/*
* Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*
*/
#include<termios.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<sys/ioctl.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<jni.h>
#include<errno.h>
//#include <utils/Log.h>
//#include <system.h>
#define VIB_ON 0x11
#define VIB_OFF 0x22
#define DEV_NAME "/dev/LZM_FJICC"
/* This is a trivial JNI example where we use a native method
* to return a new VM String. See the corresponding Java source
* file located at:
*
* /project/app/TEST/src/com.example.TEST/MainActivity.java
* /project/app/TEST/src/com.example.TEST/TESTCLASS.java
*/
jstring
Java_com_example_TEST_TESTCLASS_stringFromJNI( JNIEnv* env, jobject thiz )
{
return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, "Hello from JNI !");
}
jint
Java_com_example_TEST_TESTCLASS_IOCTL( JNIEnv* env, jobject thiz, jint fd ,jint controlcode,jint ledid)
{
/* LED */
int CTLCODE = controlcode;
int value =-1;
switch(CTLCODE)
{ case VIB_ON:
{
ioctl(fd,1,ledid);//setLedState( 0, 1 );//调用驱动程序中的ioctrl接口，把命令传下去，实现硬件操作
break;
}
case VIB_OFF:
{
ioctl(fd,0,ledid);//// setLedState( 0, 0 );//调用驱动程序中的ioctrl接口，把命令传下去，实现硬件操作
break;
}
default:break;
}
return fd;
}
jint
Java_com_example_TEST_TESTCLASS_OPEN(JNIEnv* env,jobject thiz)
{
jint fd;
fd=open(DEV_NAME,O_RDWR);
return fd;
}
jint
Java_com_example_TEST_TESTCLASS_CLOSE( JNIEnv* env, jobject thiz, jint fd)
{
jint ret;
ret = close(fd);
return ret;
}
注意如果需要头文件Alog.h需要自己写，然后放在jni文件夹下的
#pragma once
#include<android/log.h>
#define LOG_TAG "debug log"
#define LOGI(fmt, args...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, LOG_TAG, fmt, ##args)
#define LOGD(fmt, args...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, fmt, ##args)
#define LOGE(fmt, args...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, LOG_TAG, fmt, ##args)
3.建立完毕，打开Cygwin工具，并进入到工程目录下的jni目录下：
$ cd d:/Program/Android/workspace/TEST /jni
$$NDK/ndk-build
这样就OK了，生成了libtest-jni.so文件了，自动生成到了工程目录下的libs/armeabi/ libtest-jni.so，发现test-jni是我们刚才在.mk文件里面的命名。
第三步：写应用程序：
1.在应用程序类com.example.TEST目录下建立一个类：TESTCLASS.java，输入如下代码，这是用来引用libtest-jni.so文件的。
package com.example.TEST;
import android.util.Log;
publicclass TESTCLASS {
public native String stringFromJNI();
public nativeint OPEN();
public nativeint IOCTL(int fd,int controlcode,int ledID);
public nativeint CLOSE(int fd);
static {
try {
System.loadLibrary("test-jni");
} catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError e) {
Log.d("HardwareControler", "HardwareControler ibrary not found!");
}
}
}
2.编写应用程序，调用TESTCLASS类中的函数OPEN()/CLOSE()/IOCTL()就可以实现底层的控制了。
添加按钮，用来打开和关闭LED灯,以及关闭驱动
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_weight="0.76"
android:text="ON" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1.26"
android:text="OFF" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button5"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="0.76"
android:text="close" />
2.编写MainActivity，添加响应函数：
package com.example.TEST;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
publicclass MainActivity extends Activity {
private Button btn_on;
private Button btn_off,btn_close;
publicstaticfinalintVIB_ON = 0x11;
publicstaticfinalintVIB_OFF = 0x22;
intfd;
intvalue = -1;
TESTCLASS mTESTCLASS1;
@Override
protectedvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mTESTCLASS1 = new TESTCLASS();
String s = mTESTCLASS1.stringFromJNI().toString();
//修改驱动的权限LZM_FJICC
changePerm();
fd = mTESTCLASS1.OPEN();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "open,fd="+fd, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
btn_on = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
btn_off = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button2);
btn_close= (Button)findViewById(R.id.button5);
if(fd == -1)
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "没有打开设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
else
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "打开设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,""+s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
btn_on.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener(){
@Override
publicvoid onClick(View arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
fd=mTESTCLASS1.IOCTL(fd, VIB_ON,0);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "ioctl,fd="+fd, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
btn_off.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener(){
@Override
publicvoid onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mTESTCLASS1.IOCTL(fd, VIB_OFF,0);
}});
btn_close.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener(){
@Override
publicvoid onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "close,fd="+fd, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
if(fd != -1){
value = mTESTCLASS1.CLOSE(fd);
if(value == -1)
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "close fail,fd="+value, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
else
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "close success,fd="+value, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}else{
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "设备未打开，无需关闭", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
});
}
void changePerm()
{
Process chperm;
try {
chperm=Runtime.getRuntime().exec("su");
DataOutputStream os =
new DataOutputStream(chperm.getOutputStream());
os.writeBytes("chmod 777 /dev/LED_LZM_FJICC\n");
os.flush();
os.writeBytes("exit\n");
os.flush();
chperm.waitFor();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
问题一：android NDK jni下的c文件 Unresolved inclusion
原因是在eclipse编辑环境中没有找到对应的include中的文件。解决方法是将包含该文件的include目录作为新的linked folder加入工程中。具体方法如下：
1. 右击工程->New->Folder
2. 对话框中点击Advanced
3. 选择Link to alternate location (Linked Folder)，选择需要的include目录
4. Finish后刷新工程，问题解决。
include 目录可以在ndk的安装目录中找到
比如：在安装的NDK目录下找到/NDKDir/android-ndk-r7b/platforms/android-8/arch-arm/usr/include
问题二：在android 里使用JNI，总是报错：in something not a structure or union
error: request for member 'GetStringUTFChars' in something not a structure or union
问题解决了，原来是这样的：
如果是c程序，要用 (*env)->
如果是C++要用 env->
在linux下如果.c文件中用 “env->” 编译会找不到此结构，必须用“(*env)->”，或者改成.cpp文件，以 c++的方式来编译
以下是两者的区别：
jni.h中
struct JNINativeInterface_;
struct JNIEnv_;
#ifdef __cplusplus
typedef JNIEnv_ JNIEnv;
#else
typedef const struct JNINativeInterface_ *JNIEnv;
#endif
/*
* We use inlined functions for C++ so that programmers can write:
* env->FindClass("java/lang/String")
* in C++ rather than:
* (*env)->FindClass(env, "java/lang/String")
* in C.
*/
即C++中使用
env->FindClass("java/lang/String")
C中使用
(*env)->FindClass(env, "java/lang/String")
问题三：直接在应用程序中获取驱动的可执行权限#chmod 777
//用来修改驱动的权限问题否则需要在终端输入 #chmod 777 /dev/LZM_FJICC
void changePerm()
{
Process chperm;
try {
chperm=Runtime.getRuntime().exec("su");
DataOutputStream os =
new DataOutputStream(chperm.getOutputStream());
os.writeBytes("chmod 777 /dev/LZM_FJICC\n");
os.flush();
os.writeBytes("exit\n");
os.flush();
chperm.waitFor();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
问题四：S5VP210端口设置小结
// 定义用到的引脚 S5PV210_GPJ0(7)
// 设置引脚的输出
s3c_gpio_cfgpin(S5PV210_GPJ0(7),S3C_GPIO_SFN(1));//设置为输出
gpio_direction_output(S5PV210_GPJ0(7),0);
//释放总线
#define OW_Pin S5PV210_GPJ0(7)
s3c_gpio_cfgpin(OW_Pin,S3C_GPIO_SFN(0));//设置为输入
s3c_gpio_setpull(OW_Pin,S3C_GPIO_PULL_UP);
gpio_get_value(OW_Pin)//获取引脚的输入电平状态