当前位置: 数据库>sqlserver
精妙的SQL语句第1/2页
来源: 互联网 发布时间:2014-09-05
本文导语: 说明:复制表(只复制结构,源表名:a 新表名:b) select * into b from a where 11 说明:拷贝表(拷贝数据,源表名:a 目标表名:b) insert into b(a, b, c) select d,e,f from b; 说明:显示文章、提交人和最后回复时间 select a.title,a.u...
说明:复制表(只复制结构,源表名:a 新表名:b)
select * into b from a where 11
说明:拷贝表(拷贝数据,源表名:a 目标表名:b)
insert into b(a, b, c) select d,e,f from b;
说明:显示文章、提交人和最后回复时间
select a.title,a.username,b.adddate from table a,(select max(adddate) adddate from table
where table.title=a.title) b
说明:外连接查询(表名1:a 表名2:b)
select a.a, a.b, a.c, b.c, b.d, b.f from a LEFT OUT JOIN b ON a.a = b.c
说明:日程安排提前五分钟提醒
select * from 日程安排 where datediff('minute',f开始时间,getdate())>5
说明:两张关联表,删除主表中已经在副表中没有的信息
delete from info where not exists ( select * from infobz where info.infid=infobz.infid )
说明:--
SQL:
SELECT A.NUM, A.NAME, B.UPD_DATE, B.PREV_UPD_DATE
FROM TABLE1,
(SELECT X.NUM, X.UPD_DATE, Y.UPD_DATE PREV_UPD_DATE
FROM (SELECT NUM, UPD_DATE, INBOUND_QTY, STOCK_ONHAND
FROM TABLE2
WHERE TO_CHAR(UPD_DATE,'YYYY/MM') = TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'YYYY/MM')) X,
(SELECT NUM, UPD_DATE, STOCK_ONHAND
FROM TABLE2
WHERE TO_CHAR(UPD_DATE,'YYYY/MM') =
TO_CHAR(TO_DATE(TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'YYYY/MM') || '/01','YYYY/MM/DD') - 1, 'YYYY/MM') ) Y,
WHERE X.NUM = Y.NUM (+)
AND X.INBOUND_QTY + NVL(Y.STOCK_ONHAND,0) X.STOCK_ONHAND ) B
WHERE A.NUM = B.NUM
说明:--
select * from studentinfo where not exists(select * from student where
studentinfo.id=student.id) and 系名称='"&strdepartmentname&"' and 专业名称
='"&strprofessionname&"' order by 性别,生源地,高考总成绩
从数据库中去一年的各单位电话费统计(电话费定额贺电化肥清单两个表来源)
SELECT a.userper, a.tel, a.standfee, TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'yyyy') AS telyear,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '01', a.factration)) AS JAN,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '02', a.factration)) AS FRI,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '03', a.factration)) AS MAR,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '04', a.factration)) AS APR,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '05', a.factration)) AS MAY,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '06', a.factration)) AS JUE,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '07', a.factration)) AS JUL,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '08', a.factration)) AS AGU,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '09', a.factration)) AS SEP,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '10', a.factration)) AS OCT,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '11', a.factration)) AS NOV,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '12', a.factration)) AS DEC
FROM (SELECT a.userper, a.tel, a.standfee, b.telfeedate, b.factration
FROM TELFEESTAND a, TELFEE b
WHERE a.tel = b.telfax) a
GROUP BY a.userper, a.tel, a.standfee, TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'yyyy')
说明:四表联查问题
select * from a left inner join b on a.a=b.b right inner join c on a.a=c.c inner join d on
a.a=d.d where .....
说明:得到表中最小的未使用的ID号
SELECT (CASE WHEN EXISTS(SELECT * FROM Handle b WHERE b.HandleID = 1) THEN MIN(HandleID) + 1
ELSE 1 END) as HandleID FROM Handle WHERE NOT HandleID IN (SELECT a.HandleID - 1 FROM
Handle a)
一个SQL语句的问题:行列转换
select * from v_temp
上面的视图结果如下:
user_name role_name
-------------------------
系统管理员 管理员
feng 管理员
feng 一般用户
test 一般用户
想把结果变成这样:
user_name role_name
---------------------------
系统管理员 管理员
feng 管理员,一般用户
test 一般用户
===================
create table a_test(name varchar(20),role2 varchar(20))
insert into a_test values('李','管理员')
insert into a_test values('张','管理员')
insert into a_test values('张','一般用户')
insert into a_test values('常','一般用户')
create function join_str(@content varchar(100))
returns varchar(2000)
as
begin
declare @str varchar(2000)
set @str=''
select @str=@str+','+rtrim(role2) from a_test where [name]=@content
select @str=right(@str,len(@str)-1)
return @str
end
go
--调用:
select [name],dbo.join_str([name]) role2 from a_test group by [name]
--select distinct name,dbo.uf_test(name) from a_test
快速比较结构相同的两表
结构相同的两表,一表有记录3万条左右,一表有记录2万条左右,我怎样快速查找两表的不同记录?
============================
给你一个测试方法,从northwind中的orders表取数据。
select * into n1 from orders
select * into n2 from orders
select * from n1
select * from n2
--添加主键,然后修改n1中若干字段的若干条
alter table n1 add constraint pk_n1_id primary key (OrderID)
alter table n2 add constraint pk_n2_id primary key (OrderID)
select OrderID from (select * from n1 union select * from n2) a group by OrderID having
count(*) > 1
应该可以,而且将不同的记录的ID显示出来。
下面的适用于双方记录一样的情况,
select * from n1 where orderid in (select OrderID from (select * from n1 union select * from
n2) a group by OrderID having count(*) > 1)
至于双方互不存在的记录是比较好处理的
--删除n1,n2中若干条记录
delete from n1 where orderID in ('10728','10730')
delete from n2 where orderID in ('11000','11001')
--*************************************************************
-- 双方都有该记录却不完全相同
select * from n1 where orderid in(select OrderID from (select * from n1 union select * from
n2) a group by OrderID having count(*) > 1)
union
--n2中存在但在n1中不存的在10728,10730
select * from n1 where OrderID not in (select OrderID from n2)
union
--n1中存在但在n2中不存的在11000,11001
select * from n2 where OrderID not in (select OrderID from n1)
四种方法取表里n到m条纪录:
1.
select top m * into 临时表(或表变量) from tablename order by columnname -- 将top m笔插入
set rowcount n
select * from 表变量 order by columnname desc
2.
select top n * from (select top m * from tablename order by columnname) a order by
columnname desc
3.如果tablename里没有其他identity列,那么:
select identity(int) id0,* into #temp from tablename
取n到m条的语句为:
select * from #temp where id0 >=n and id0 1
2、将不重复的记录记入temp1表:
insert temp1 select [标志字段id],count(*) from [表名] group by [标志字段id] having count(*)
=1
3、作一个包含所有不重复记录的表:
select * into temp2 from [表名] where 标志字段id in(select 标志字段id from temp1)
4、删除重复表:
delete [表名]
5、恢复表:
insert [表名] select * from temp2
select * into b from a where 11
说明:拷贝表(拷贝数据,源表名:a 目标表名:b)
insert into b(a, b, c) select d,e,f from b;
说明:显示文章、提交人和最后回复时间
select a.title,a.username,b.adddate from table a,(select max(adddate) adddate from table
where table.title=a.title) b
说明:外连接查询(表名1:a 表名2:b)
select a.a, a.b, a.c, b.c, b.d, b.f from a LEFT OUT JOIN b ON a.a = b.c
说明:日程安排提前五分钟提醒
select * from 日程安排 where datediff('minute',f开始时间,getdate())>5
说明:两张关联表,删除主表中已经在副表中没有的信息
delete from info where not exists ( select * from infobz where info.infid=infobz.infid )
说明:--
SQL:
SELECT A.NUM, A.NAME, B.UPD_DATE, B.PREV_UPD_DATE
FROM TABLE1,
(SELECT X.NUM, X.UPD_DATE, Y.UPD_DATE PREV_UPD_DATE
FROM (SELECT NUM, UPD_DATE, INBOUND_QTY, STOCK_ONHAND
FROM TABLE2
WHERE TO_CHAR(UPD_DATE,'YYYY/MM') = TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'YYYY/MM')) X,
(SELECT NUM, UPD_DATE, STOCK_ONHAND
FROM TABLE2
WHERE TO_CHAR(UPD_DATE,'YYYY/MM') =
TO_CHAR(TO_DATE(TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'YYYY/MM') || '/01','YYYY/MM/DD') - 1, 'YYYY/MM') ) Y,
WHERE X.NUM = Y.NUM (+)
AND X.INBOUND_QTY + NVL(Y.STOCK_ONHAND,0) X.STOCK_ONHAND ) B
WHERE A.NUM = B.NUM
说明:--
select * from studentinfo where not exists(select * from student where
studentinfo.id=student.id) and 系名称='"&strdepartmentname&"' and 专业名称
='"&strprofessionname&"' order by 性别,生源地,高考总成绩
从数据库中去一年的各单位电话费统计(电话费定额贺电化肥清单两个表来源)
SELECT a.userper, a.tel, a.standfee, TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'yyyy') AS telyear,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '01', a.factration)) AS JAN,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '02', a.factration)) AS FRI,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '03', a.factration)) AS MAR,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '04', a.factration)) AS APR,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '05', a.factration)) AS MAY,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '06', a.factration)) AS JUE,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '07', a.factration)) AS JUL,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '08', a.factration)) AS AGU,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '09', a.factration)) AS SEP,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '10', a.factration)) AS OCT,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '11', a.factration)) AS NOV,
SUM(decode(TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'mm'), '12', a.factration)) AS DEC
FROM (SELECT a.userper, a.tel, a.standfee, b.telfeedate, b.factration
FROM TELFEESTAND a, TELFEE b
WHERE a.tel = b.telfax) a
GROUP BY a.userper, a.tel, a.standfee, TO_CHAR(a.telfeedate, 'yyyy')
说明:四表联查问题
select * from a left inner join b on a.a=b.b right inner join c on a.a=c.c inner join d on
a.a=d.d where .....
说明:得到表中最小的未使用的ID号
SELECT (CASE WHEN EXISTS(SELECT * FROM Handle b WHERE b.HandleID = 1) THEN MIN(HandleID) + 1
ELSE 1 END) as HandleID FROM Handle WHERE NOT HandleID IN (SELECT a.HandleID - 1 FROM
Handle a)
一个SQL语句的问题:行列转换
select * from v_temp
上面的视图结果如下:
user_name role_name
-------------------------
系统管理员 管理员
feng 管理员
feng 一般用户
test 一般用户
想把结果变成这样:
user_name role_name
---------------------------
系统管理员 管理员
feng 管理员,一般用户
test 一般用户
===================
create table a_test(name varchar(20),role2 varchar(20))
insert into a_test values('李','管理员')
insert into a_test values('张','管理员')
insert into a_test values('张','一般用户')
insert into a_test values('常','一般用户')
create function join_str(@content varchar(100))
returns varchar(2000)
as
begin
declare @str varchar(2000)
set @str=''
select @str=@str+','+rtrim(role2) from a_test where [name]=@content
select @str=right(@str,len(@str)-1)
return @str
end
go
--调用:
select [name],dbo.join_str([name]) role2 from a_test group by [name]
--select distinct name,dbo.uf_test(name) from a_test
快速比较结构相同的两表
结构相同的两表,一表有记录3万条左右,一表有记录2万条左右,我怎样快速查找两表的不同记录?
============================
给你一个测试方法,从northwind中的orders表取数据。
select * into n1 from orders
select * into n2 from orders
select * from n1
select * from n2
--添加主键,然后修改n1中若干字段的若干条
alter table n1 add constraint pk_n1_id primary key (OrderID)
alter table n2 add constraint pk_n2_id primary key (OrderID)
select OrderID from (select * from n1 union select * from n2) a group by OrderID having
count(*) > 1
应该可以,而且将不同的记录的ID显示出来。
下面的适用于双方记录一样的情况,
select * from n1 where orderid in (select OrderID from (select * from n1 union select * from
n2) a group by OrderID having count(*) > 1)
至于双方互不存在的记录是比较好处理的
--删除n1,n2中若干条记录
delete from n1 where orderID in ('10728','10730')
delete from n2 where orderID in ('11000','11001')
--*************************************************************
-- 双方都有该记录却不完全相同
select * from n1 where orderid in(select OrderID from (select * from n1 union select * from
n2) a group by OrderID having count(*) > 1)
union
--n2中存在但在n1中不存的在10728,10730
select * from n1 where OrderID not in (select OrderID from n2)
union
--n1中存在但在n2中不存的在11000,11001
select * from n2 where OrderID not in (select OrderID from n1)
四种方法取表里n到m条纪录:
1.
select top m * into 临时表(或表变量) from tablename order by columnname -- 将top m笔插入
set rowcount n
select * from 表变量 order by columnname desc
2.
select top n * from (select top m * from tablename order by columnname) a order by
columnname desc
3.如果tablename里没有其他identity列,那么:
select identity(int) id0,* into #temp from tablename
取n到m条的语句为:
select * from #temp where id0 >=n and id0 1
2、将不重复的记录记入temp1表:
insert temp1 select [标志字段id],count(*) from [表名] group by [标志字段id] having count(*)
=1
3、作一个包含所有不重复记录的表:
select * into temp2 from [表名] where 标志字段id in(select 标志字段id from temp1)
4、删除重复表:
delete [表名]
5、恢复表:
insert [表名] select * from temp2