#include
template
class double_linked
{
    struct node
    {
        T data;
        node* prev;
        node* next;
        node(T t, node* p, node* n) : data(t), prev(p), next(n) {}
    };
    node* head;
    node* tail;
public:
    double_linked() : head( NULL ), tail ( NULL ) {}
    template
    double_linked( T (&arr) [N]) : head( NULL ), tail ( NULL )
    {
        for( int i(0); i != N; ++i)
            push_back(arr[i]);
    }
    bool empty() const { return ( !head || !tail ); }
    operator bool() const { return !empty(); }
    void push_back(T);
    void push_front(T);
    T pop_back();
    T pop_front();
    ~double_linked()
    {
        while(head)
        {
            node* temp(head);
            head=head->next;
            delete temp;
        }
    }
};
template
void double_linked::push_back(T data)
{
    tail = new node(data, tail, NULL);
    if( tail->prev )
        tail->prev->next = tail;
    if( empty() )
        head = tail;
}
template
void double_linked::push_front(T data)
{
    head = new node(data, NULL, head);
    if( head->next )
        head->next->prev = head;
    if( empty() )
        tail = head;
}
template
T double_linked::pop_back()
{
    if( empty() )
        throw("double_linked : list empty");
    node* temp(tail);
    T data( tail->data );
    tail = tail->prev ;
    if( tail )
        tail->next = NULL;
    else
        head = NULL ;
    delete temp;
    return data;
}
template
T double_linked::pop_front()
{
    if( empty() )
        throw("double_linked : list empty");
    node* temp(head);
    T data( head->data );
    head = head->next ;
    if( head )
        head->prev = NULL;
    else
        tail = NULL;
    delete temp;
    return data;
}
int main()
{
    int arr[] = { 4, 6, 8, 32, 19 } ;
    double_linked dlist ( arr );
    dlist.push_back( 11 );
    dlist.push_front( 100 );
    while( dlist )
        std::cout