安装Oracle数据库大多喜欢图形安装，但是服务器的资源都是很珍贵的，很多时候我们不愿意在Linux服务器上安装需要更多资源才能运行的图形界面，但又需要oracle数据库，此时就需要对数据库进行静默安装
数据库的静默安装需求和准备工作于图形安装相同，本篇主要讲解静默安装需要的三个配置文件：
db_install.rsp ###数据库安装配置文件
db_ca.rsp ###数据库实例创建配置文件
netca.rsp ###监听配置文件
安装依赖包：
#yum install binutils compat-libstdc++ elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-develelfutils-libelf-devel-static gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headerskernel-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libgomp libstdc++ libstdc++-develmake sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
# yum install libXp
需要安装libXp这个Library，这个一定要安装，否则安装Oracle时会出现java Exception
创建安装需要的用户：
#groupadd oinstall
#groupadd dba
#useradd –m –g oinstall –G dba oracle
#passwd oracle
修改操作系统内核参数：
添加以下系统参数，并使之生效：
# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall=2097152 //表示系统一次可以使用的共享内存总量（以页为单位）。缺省值就是2097152，通常不需要修改
kernel.shmmax =2147483648 //定义了共享内存段的最大尺寸（以字节为单位）。缺省为32M，对于oracle来说，该缺省值太低了，通常将其设置为2G
kernel.shmmni =4096 //用于设置系统范围内共享内存段的最大数量。该 参数的默认值是 4096 。通常不需要更改
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100128 //表示设置的信号量
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range =1024 65000 //设定端口访问范围
net.core.rmem_default=4194304 //默认的接收窗口大小
net.core.rmem_max=4194304 //接收窗口的最大大小
net.core.wmem_default=262144 //默认的发送窗口大小
net.core.wmem_max=262144 //发送窗口的最大大小
#sysctl -p
修改系统安全文件：
#vim /etc/security/limits.conf //针对单个回话的认证模块配置文件
加入以下四行
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
修改登录认证文件：
#vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required/lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
修改系统环境变量：
# vim /etc/profile
if[ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
修改操作系统版本信息使得Oracle支持：
由于Oracle 10g发行的时候，CentOS 6没有发行，所以Oracle 10g并没有对CentOS 6确认支
持，需要修改文件让Oracle 10g支持CentOS 6,
我们需要手工修改Linux的发行注记，让Oracle 10g支持CentOS 6
# vi /etc/RedHat-release
将其中的内容CentOS release6.3 (Final)修改为redhat 4
# CentOS release 6.4 (Final)
redhat 4
创建ORACLE数据目录：
# mkdir /opt/oracle
# mkdir /opt/oracle/102
# chown –R oracle.dba/opt/oracle
修改主机文件：
# cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
10.0.0.52 diserver.szgov diserver
切换到oracle用户并修改环境变量：
# su – oracle
$ vi .bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/102
ORACLE_SID=orcl
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID LD_LIBARAY_PATH PATH
$ source .bash_profile
当准备工作完全做好之后，开始配置db_install.rsp文件
$ vi /u01/database/response/db_install.rsp
####################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation1998,2008. Allrights reserved. ##
## Specify values for the variables listedbelow tocustomize your installation. ##
## Each variable is associated with acomment. Thecomment ##
## can help to populate the variables withtheappropriate values. ##
## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plaintextpasswords and ##
## should be secured to have readpermission only byoracleuser ##
## or db administrator who ownsthisinstallation. ##
##对整个文件的说明，该文件包含参数说明，静默文件中密码信息的保密 ##
####################################################################
# Do not change the following systemgeneratedvalue. 标注响应文件版本，这个版本必须和要#安装的数据库版本相同，安装检验无法通过,不能更改
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
# Specify the installation option.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
# 3. UPGRADE_DB
#选择安装类型：1.只装数据库软件 2.安装数据库软件并建库 3.升级数据库
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# Specify the hostname of the system as setduring theinstall. It can be used
# to force the installation to use analternativehostname rather than using the
# first hostname found on the system.(e.g., for systemswith multiple hostnames
# and network interfaces)指定操作系统主机名，通过hostname命令获得
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ora11gr2
# Specify the Unix group to be set for theinventorydirectory.
#指定oracle inventory目录的所有者，通常会是oinstall或者dba
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
# Specify the location which holds theinventory files.
#指定产品清单oracle inventory目录的路径,如果是Win平台下可以省略
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oracle/oraInventory
# Specify the languages in which thecomponents will beinstalled.
# en :English ja :Japanese
# fr :French ko :Korean
# ar :Arabic es :Latin American Spanish
# bn :Bengali lv :Latvian
# pt_BR: BrazilianPortuguese lt : Lithuanian
# bg :Bulgarian ms :Malay
# fr_CA: CanadianFrench es_MX: MexicanSpanish
# ca :Catalan no :Norwegian
# hr :Croatian pl :Polish
# cs :Czech pt :Portuguese
# da :Danish ro :Romanian
# nl :Dutch ru :Russian
# ar_EG:Egyptian zh_CN:Simplified Chinese
# en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk :Slovak
# et :Estonian sl :Slovenian
# fi :Finnish es_ES:Spanish
# de :German sv :Swedish
# el :Greek th :Thai
# iw :Hebrew zh_TW:TraditionalChinese
# hu :Hungarian tr :Turkish
# is : Icelandic uk :Ukrainian
# in :Indonesian vi :Vietnamese
# it :Italian
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja
#指定数据库语言，可以选择多个，用逗号隔开。选择en, zh_CN(英文和简体中文)
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
# Specify the complete path of the OracleHome.设置ORALCE_HOME的路径
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
# Specify the complete path of the OracleBase. 设置ORALCE_BASE的路径
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle
# Specify the installation edition ofthecomponent.
# The value should contain only one ofthesechoices.
# EE :EnterpriseEdition
# SE : StandardEdition
# SEONE Standard Edition One
# PE : Personal Edition(WINDOWS ONLY)
#选择Oracle安装数据库软件的版本（企业版，标准版，标准版1），不同的版本功能不同
#详细的版本区别参考附录D
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
# This variable is used to enable ordisable custominstall.
# true : Components mentioned as part of'customComponents' property
#are considered for install.
# false : Value for 'customComponents' isnotconsidered.
#是否自定义Oracle的组件，如果选择false，则会使用默认的组件
#如果选择true否则需要自己在下面一条参数将要安装的组件一一列出。
#安装相应版权后会安装所有的组件，后期如果缺乏某个组件，再次安装会非常的麻烦。
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true
# This variable is considered only if'IsCustomInstall'is set to true.
# Description: List of Enterprise EditionOptions youwould like to install.
# Thefollowing choices areavailable. You may specify any
# combinationof thesechoices. The components you chooseshould
# bespecified in the form"internal-component-name:version"
# Belowis a list of components youmay specify to install.
# oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0-Oracle Partitioning
# oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0-Oracle Data Mining
# oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0-Oracle Database Vault
# oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0-Oracle Label Security
# oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0-Oracle Real Application Testing
# oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0-Oracle OLAP
# oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true的话必须手工选择需要安装组件的话
oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0
###############################################################################
# PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEMGROUPS
# Provide values for the OS groups to whichOSDBA andOSOPER privileges #
# needs to be granted. If the install isbeingperformed as a member ofthe #
# group "dba", then that will beused unlessspecified otherwisebelow. #
#指定拥有OSDBA、OSOPER权限的用户组，通常会是dba组
###############################################################################
# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is tobe grantedOSDBA privileges.
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which isto be grantedOSOPER privileges.
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall
# Specify the cluster node names selectedduring theinstallation.
#如果是RAC的安装，在这里指定所有的节点
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
# Specify the type of database to create.
# It can be one of the following:
# -GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING
# -DATA_WAREHOUSE
#选择数据库的用途，一般用途/事物处理，数据仓库
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
# Specify the Starter Database GlobalDatabaseName. 指定GlobalName
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl
# Specify the Starter Database SID.指定SID
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl
# Specify the Starter Database characterset.
# It can be one of the following:
# AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252,EE8ISO8859P2,
# EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10,NEE8ISO8859P4,BLT8MSWIN1257,
# BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5,CL8MSWIN1251,AR8ISO8859P6,
# AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7,EL8MSWIN1253,IW8ISO8859P8,
# IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE,JA16SJIS,JA16SJISTILDE,
# KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII,ZHT32EUC,ZHT16MSWIN950,
# ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254,VN8MSWIN1258
#选择字符集。不正确的字符集会给数据显示和存储带来麻烦无数。
#通常中文选择的有ZHS16GBK简体中文库，建议选择unicode的AL32UTF8国际字符集
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
# This variable should be set to true ifAutomaticMemory Management
# in Database is desired.
# If Automatic Memory Management is notdesired, andmemory allocation
# is to be done manually, then set it tofalse.
#11g的新特性自动内存管理，也就是SGA_TARGET和PAG_AGGREGATE_TARGET都#不用设置了，Oracle会自动调配两部分大小。
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
# Specify the total memory allocation forthe database.Value(in MB) should be
# at least 256 MB, and should not exceedthe totalphysical memory available on the system.
#Example:oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
#指定Oracle自动管理内存的大小，最小是256MB
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
# This variable controls whether to loadExampleSchemas onto the starter
# database or not.是否载入模板示例
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
# This variable includes enabling auditsettings,configuring password profiles
# and revoking some grants to public. Thesesettingsare provided by default.
# These settings may also bedisabled. 是否启用安全设置
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
###############################################################################
# Passwords can be supplied for thefollowing fourschemas in the #
# starterdatabase: #
# SYS #
# SYSTEM #
# SYSMAN (used by EnterpriseManager) #
# DBSNMP (used by EnterpriseManager) #
# Same password can be used for allaccounts (notrecommended) #
# or different passwords for each accountcan beprovided (recommended) #
#设置数据库用户密码
###############################################################################
# This variable holds the password that isto be usedfor all schemas in the
# starter database.
#设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码，其它数据库用户就不用单独设置了。
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle
# Specify the SYS password for the starterdatabase.
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
# Specify the SYSTEM password for thestarter database.
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
# Specify the SYSMAN password for thestarter database.
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
# Specify the DBSNMP password for thestarter database.
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
# Specify the management option to beselected for thestarter database.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. GRID_CONTROL
# 2. DB_CONTROL
#数据库本地管理工具DB_CONTROL，远程集中管理工具GRID_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
# Specify the Management Service to use ifGrid Controlis selected to manage
# the database. GRID_CONTROL需要设定grid control的远程路径URL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
# This variable indicates whether toreceive emailnotification for critical
# alerts when using DB control.是否启用Email通知, 启用后会将告警等信息发送到指定邮箱
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false
# Specify the email address to which thenotificationsare to be sent.设置通知EMAIL地址
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=
# Specify the SMTP server used for emailnotifications.设置EMAIL邮件服务器
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=
###############################################################################
# SPECIFY BACKUP AND RECOVERYOPTIONS #
# Out-of-box backup and recovery optionsfor thedatabase can bementioned #
# using the entriesbelow. #
#安全及恢复设置（默认值即可）out-of-box（out-of-box experience）缩写为OOBE
#产品给用产品给用户良好第一印象和使用感受
###############################################################################
# This variable is to be set to false ifautomatedbackup is not required. Else
# this can be set to true.设置自动备份，和OUI里的自动备份一样。
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
# Regardless of the type of storage that ischosen forbackup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job willbescheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This jobwill run asthe operating system
# user that is specified in this variable.自动备份会启动一个job，指定启动JOB的系统用户ID
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
# Regardless of the type of storage that ischosen forbackup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job willbescheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This jobwill run asthe operating system user
# specified by the above entry. Thefollowing entrystores the password for the
# above operating system user.自动备份会开启一个job，需要指定OSUSEr的密码
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
# Specify the type of storage to use forthe database.
# It can be one of the following:
# - FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
# - ASM_STORAGE
#自动备份，要求指定使用的文件系统存放数据库文件还是ASM
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
# Specify the database file location whichis adirectory for datafiles, control
# files, redologs.
# Applicable only whenoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#使用文件系统存放数据库文件才需要指定数据文件、控制文件、Redo log的存放目录
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
# Specify the backup and recovery location.
# Applicable onlywhenoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#使用文件系统存放数据库文件才需要指定备份恢复目录
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
# Specify the existing ASM disk groups tobe used forstorage.
# Applicable onlywhenoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM
#使用ASM存放数据库文件才需要指定存放的磁盘组oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
# Specify the password for ASMSNMP user ofthe ASMinstance.
# Applicable onlywhenoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM_SYSTEM
#使用ASM存放数据库文件才需要指定ASM实例密码
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
# Specify the My Oracle Support AccountUsername.
# Example :MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=metalink
#指定metalink账户用户名
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
# Specify the My Oracle Support AccountUsernamepassword.
# Example :MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=password
# 指定metalink账户密码
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
# Specify whether to enable the user to setthepassword for
# My Oracle Support credentials. The valuecan beeither true or false.
# If left blank it will be assumed to befalse.
# Example :SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true
# 用户是否可以设置metalink密码
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
# Specify whether user wants to give anyproxy detailsfor connection.
# The value can be either true or false. Ifleft blankit will be assumed to be false.
# Example :DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
# False表示不需要设置安全更新，注意，在11.2的静默安装中疑似有一个BUG
# Response File中必须指定为true，否则会提示错误,不管是否正确填写了邮件地址
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
# Specify the Proxy server name. Lengthshould begreater than zero.
#代理服务器名
# Example :PROXY_HOST=proxy.domain.com
PROXY_HOST=
# Specify the proxy port number. Should beNumeric andatleast 2 chars.
#代理服务器端口
# Example : PROXY_PORT=25
PROXY_PORT=
# Specify the proxy user name. LeavePROXY_USER andPROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requiresnoauthentication.
#代理服务器用户名
# Example : PROXY_USER=username
PROXY_USER=
# Specify the proxy password. LeavePROXY_USER andPROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requiresnoauthentication.
#代理服务器密码
# Example : PROXY_PWD=password
PROXY_PWD=
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