一、描述
测试环境经常会对数据库进行压力测试，在这个测试过程中，有稳定性，也有突发性，因为我对测试方面不是很专业，所以自己理解成这个样子，要在短时间内高并发的测试时，需要调整Oracle数据库AWR生成快照的间隔才可以生成短时间内的AWR报告，使用DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY包的MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS存储过程来修改。当然也可以采取手工生成快照方式（dbms_workload_repository.create_snapshot）。
二、官方文档
The DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY package lets you manage the Workload Repository, performing operations such as managing snapshots and baselines.
MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS Procedures
This procedure controls three aspects of snapshot generation.
The INTERVAL setting affects how often snapshots are automatically captured.
The RETENTION setting affects how long snapshots are retained in the Workload Repository.
The number of SQL captured for each Top criteria. If the user manually specifies a value for Top N SQL, the AWR SQL collection will use the user-specified number for both automatic and manual snapshots.
There are two overloads. The first takes a NUMBER and the second takes a VARCHAR2 for the topnsql argument. The differences are described under the Parameters description.
Syntax
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS(
retention IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL,
interval IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL,
topnsql IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL,
dbid IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL);
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS(
retention IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL,
interval IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL,
topnsql IN VARCHAR2,
dbid IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL);
If you query the DBA_HIST_WR_CONTROL table after this procedure is executed, you will see the changes to these settings.
ParameterDescription
retention
New retention time (in minutes). The specified value must be in the range of MIN_RETENTION (1 day) to MAX_RETENTION (100 years).
If ZERO is specified, snapshots will be retained forever. A large system-defined value will be used as the retention setting.
If NULL is specified, the old value for retention is preserved.
NOTE: The retention setting must be greater than or equal to the window size of the 'SYSTEM_MOVING_WINDOW' baseline. If the retention needs to be less than the window size, the MODIFY_BASELINE_WINDOW_SIZE Procedure can be used to adjust the window size.
interval
New interval setting between each snapshot, in units of minutes. The specified value must be in the range MIN_INTERVAL (10 minutes) to MAX_INTERVAL (1 year).
If ZERO is specified, automatic and manual snapshots will be disabled. A large system-defined value will be used as the retention setting.
If NULL is specified, the current value is preserved.
topnsql
-
If NUMBER: Top N SQL size. The number of Top SQL to flush for each SQL criteria (Elapsed Time, CPU Time, Parse Calls, Shareable Memory, Version Count). The value for this setting will not be affected by the statistics/flush level and will override the system default behavior for the AWR SQL collection. The setting will have a minimum value of 30 and a maximum value of 50,000. Specifying NULL will keep the current setting.
-
If VARCHAR2: Users are allowed to specify the following values: (DEFAULT, MAXIMUM, N), where Nis the number of Top SQL to flush for each SQL criteria. Specifying DEFAULT will revert the system back to the default behavior of Top 30 for statistics level TYPICAL and Top 100 for statistics level ALL. Specifying MAXIMUM will cause the system to capture the complete set of SQL in the cursor cache. Specifying the number N is equivalent to setting the Top N SQL with the NUMBER type. Specifying NULL for this argument will keep the current setting.
dbid
Database identifier in AWR for which to modify the snapshot settings. If NULL is specified, the local dbid will be used. Defaults to NULL.
三、实验
1.检查AWR报告生成时间间隔
SYS@OCM11G >col SNAP_INTERVAL for a30
SYS@OCM11G >col RETENTION for a30
SYS@OCM11G >set lines 120
SYS@OCM11G >select * from dba_hist_wr_control;
DBID SNAP_INTERVAL RETENTION TOPNSQL
---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------
3465366841 +00000 01:00:00.0 +00008 00:00:00.0 DEFAULT
2.修改AWR报告生成时间间隔为10分钟（最小10分钟，最大1年）
SYS@OCM11G >exec dbms_workload_repository.modify_snapshot_settings(interval => 10);
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
3.检查修改后的配置参数
SYS@OCM11G >select * from dba_hist_wr_control;
DBID SNAP_INTERVAL RETENTION TOPNSQL
---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------
3465366841 +00000 00:10:00.0 +00008 00:00:00.0 DEFAULT
4.等待10分钟后，验证生成新的快照文件
SYS@OCM11G >select SNAP_ID,BEGIN_INTERVAL_TIME,END_INTERVAL_TIME from DBA_HIST_SNAPSHOT order by BEGIN_INTERVAL_TIME;
SNAP_ID BEGIN_INTERVAL_TIME END_INTERVAL_TIME
---------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------
152 23-MAY-16 06.00.58.515 PM 26-MAY-16 04.00.10.358 PM
153 26-MAY-16 04.00.10.358 PM 26-MAY-16 05.00.12.350 PM
154 26-MAY-16 05.00.12.350 PM 26-MAY-16 06.00.14.315 PM
155 26-MAY-16 06.00.14.315 PM 01-JUN-16 11.30.27.958 AM
156 01-JUN-16 11.30.27.958 AM 01-JUN-16 04.23.33.145 PM
157 01-JUN-16 04.23.33.145 PM 01-JUN-16 05.00.34.463 PM
158 01-JUN-16 05.00.34.463 PM 01-JUN-16 06.00.36.501 PM
159 01-JUN-16 06.00.36.501 PM 01-JUN-16 06.10.36.899 PM
160 01-JUN-16 06.10.36.899 PM 01-JUN-16 06.20.37.172 PM
9 rows selected.
四、总结
此次用到dbms_workload_repository包中的modify_snapshot_settings存储过程，注意在修改成较短时间后，如果不需要的话，建议改回默认的1小时（60分钟），以免生成过多的快照，占用空间。
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