环境:RHEL 6.5 + Oracle 11.2.0.4
- 1. 初步处理应答文件
- 2. 静默安装软件
- 3. 静默安装监听
- 4. 静默dbca建库
说明:
如果没有设置,可参考 《》1,2,3,4步进行设置。
手工建库可参考:
本次规划数据库软件安装目录:/u02/app/oracle
本次规划数据库存储目录:/u02/oradata
cd database/response mkdir rspbak cp *.rsp ./rspbak1.2 删除应答文件中的注释行(以#开头)
#vi编辑替换或者直接使用sed命令快速替换 $ sed -i 's/^#.*$//g' *.rsp1.3 刪除沒有內容的空行(^$)
#vi编辑替换或者直接使用sed命令快速替换 $ sed -i '/^$/d' *.rsp2. 静默安装软件 2.1 编辑db_install.rsp文件
$ more /u02/soft/database/response/db_install.rsp
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0 oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY ORACLE_HOSTNAME=JY-DB01 UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u02/app/oracle/oraInventory SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/oracle oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,or acle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0 oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP= oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES= oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall= oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation= oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup= oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword= MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME= MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD= SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT= DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true PROXY_HOST= PROXY_PORT= PROXY_USER= PROXY_PWD= PROXY_REALM= COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL= oracle.installer.autoupdates.option= oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc= AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME= AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=2.2 静默安装软件
$ cd /u02/soft/database/ $ ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /u02/soft/database/response/db_install.rsp
安装成功应有的输出提示:
Starting Oracle Universal Installer... Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 21313 MB Passed Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4015 MB Passed Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-11-30_11-40-10AM. Please wait ...[oracle@JY-DB01 database]$ [WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment do not meet some optional requirements. CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually. You can find the log of this install session at: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful. Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log' for more details. As a root user, execute the following script(s): 1. /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh Successfully Setup Software.2.3 按提示root用户执行脚本
# /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh Check /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_JY-DB01_2015-11-30_11-48-22.log for the output of root script
注意:如果机器之前没有安装其他数据库,这里就应该是提示执行两个脚本,按具体提示执行即可。
2.4 配置环境变量vi /home/oracle/jingyu
export ORACLE_SID=jingyu export ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 export NLS_LANG="american_america.ZHS16GBK" export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:Mi:SS" export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/oracle/bin echo "--------------------------" echo "ORACLE_BASE"=$ORACLE_BASE echo "ORACLE_HOME"=$ORACLE_HOME echo "ORACLE_SID"=$ORACLE_SID echo "--------------------------" echo "NLS_LANG"=$NLS_LANG echo "NLS_DATE_FORMAT"=$NLS_DATE_FORMAT echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH"=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH echo "PATH"=$PATH echo "--------------------------"
执行source jingyu即可切换到新数据库环境变量
$ source jingyu -------------------------- ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/oracle ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 ORACLE_SID=jingyu -------------------------- NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK NLS_DATE_FORMAT=YYYY-MM-DD HH24:Mi:SS LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib PATH=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/oracle/bin --------------------------
注意:如果需要默认用户变量,则oracle用户配置~/.bash_profile文件。
3. 静默安装监听 3.1 编辑netca.rsp文件$ more /u02/soft/database/response/netca.rsp
[GENERAL] RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="11.2" CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM" [oracle.net.ca] INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"} INSTALL_TYPE=""typical"" LISTENER_NUMBER=1 LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"} LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"} LISTENER_START=""LISTENER"" NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"} NSN_NUMBER=1 NSN_NAMES={"EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"} NSN_SERVICE={"PLSExtProc"} NSN_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;HOSTNAME;1521"}3.2 静默创建监听
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responsefile /u02/soft/database/response/netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments: Parameter "silent" = true Parameter "responsefile" = /u02/soft/database/response/netca.rsp Done parsing command line arguments. Oracle Net Services Configuration: Profile configuration complete. Oracle Net Listener Startup: Running Listener Control: /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER Listener Control complete. Listener started successfully. Listener configuration complete. Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 04. 静默dbca建库 4.1 编辑dbca.rsp文件
$ more /u02/soft/database/response/dbca.rsp
[GENERAL] RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0" OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase" [CREATEDATABASE] GDBNAME = "jingyu" SID = "jingyu" TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc" [createTemplateFromDB] SOURCEDB = "myhost:1521:orcl" SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system" TEMPLATENAME = "My Copy TEMPLATE" [createCloneTemplate] SOURCEDB = "orcl" TEMPLATENAME = "My Clone TEMPLATE" [DELETEDATABASE] SOURCEDB = "orcl" [generateScripts] TEMPLATENAME = "New Database" GDBNAME = "orcl11.us.oracle.com" [CONFIGUREDATABASE] [ADDINSTANCE] DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com" NODELIST= SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys" [DELETEINSTANCE] DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com" INSTANCENAME = "orcl11g" SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
上面就可以成功建库,但绝大多数情况[CREATEDATABASE]下还需要指定一些其他参数,
因为默认的可能不符合实际要求,尤其是你创建的数据库字符集必须要按你的设计需求显示指定:
[CREATEDATABASE] gdbName = "jingyu" sid = "jingyu" templateName = "General_Purpose.dbc" characterSet = "ZHS16GBK" memoryPercentage = "60" emConfiguration = "LOCAL" sysPassword = "oracle" systemPassword = "oracle" dbsnmpPassword = "oracle" sysmanPassword = "oracle"
修改引用的通用模板General_Purpose.dbc
--本次规划数据库存储目录:/u02/oradata # mkdir -p /u02/oradata && chown oracle:oinstall /u02/oradata --修改模板 $ cd $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/ $ cp General_Purpose.dbc General_Purpose.dbc.bak --vi替换{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata为新的存储路径/u02/oradata $ vi General_Purpose.dbc :%s#{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata#/u02/oradata#g --或者sed直接快速替换 sed -i 's#{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata#/u02/oradata#g' General_Purpose.dbc4.2 静默创建数据库
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /u02/soft/database/response/dbca.rsp
Enter SYS user password: Enter SYSTEM user password: Copying database files 1% complete 3% complete 11% complete 18% complete 26% complete 37% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 40% complete 45% complete 50% complete 55% complete 56% complete 60% complete 62% complete Completing Database Creation 66% complete 70% complete 73% complete 85% complete 96% complete 100% complete Look at the log file "/u02/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/jingyu/jingyu.log" for further details.
注意:如果已经在响应文件中配置sys和system密码,上面就不会提示你输入密码了。
4.3 静默删除数据库$ dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB jingyu -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword oracle
Connecting to database 4% complete 9% complete 14% complete 19% complete 23% complete 28% complete 47% complete Updating network configuration files 48% complete 52% complete Deleting instance and datafiles 76% complete 100% complete Look at the log file "/u02/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/jingyu.log" for further details.
至此,Oracle数据库静默安装相关内容已经完成。
: