由于最近业务量大增大，导致表空间增长速度变得很快，客户也开始担忧表空间的增长率。因此也提出了每日监控表空间增长量的需求。笔者根据客户的需求，在这里写了个简单的脚本，主体思想是通过，将每日查询到的表空间增长率插入到自己建的表中，然后通过构造查询语句，反映出表空间的增长率，具体实施不走如下
在数据主机上建立tbs_usage表反映数据中数据文件的使用量，其中tbs_timeid为该表主键，作为唯一标识当日数据库表空间的id构造tbs_timeid为df.tablespace_name||"-"||(sysdate)
1、pansky用户作为日常管理，目前主要用户表空间数据量的监控
SQL> create user pansky identified by pansky default tablespace users quota 50M on users;
User created.
SQL> grant create session to pansky;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> grant create table to pansky;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> grant select on dba_data_files to pansky;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> grant select on dba_free_space to pansky;
Grant succeeded.
2、以pansky用户创建tbs_usage表
create table tbs_usage
as
SELECT df.tablespace_name||"-"||(sysdate) tbs_timeid ,df.tablespace_name||"-"||(sysdate-1) ys_tbs_timeid,df.tablespace_name,
COUNT(*) datafile_count,
ROUND(SUM(df.BYTES) / 1048576) size_mb,
ROUND(SUM(free.BYTES) / 1048576, 2) free_mb,
ROUND(SUM(df.BYTES) / 1048576 - SUM(free.BYTES) / 1048576, 2) used_mb,
ROUND(MAX(free.maxbytes) / 1048576, 2) maxfree,
100 - ROUND(100.0 * SUM(free.BYTES) / SUM(df.BYTES), 2) pct_used,
ROUND(100.0 * SUM(free.BYTES) / SUM(df.BYTES), 2) pct_free,(sysdate) time
FROM dba_data_files df,
(SELECT tablespace_name,
file_id,
SUM(BYTES) BYTES,
MAX(BYTES) maxbytes
FROM dba_free_space
GROUP BY tablespace_name, file_id) free
WHERE df.tablespace_name = free.tablespace_name(+)
AND df.file_id = free.file_id(+)
GROUP BY df.tablespace_name
ORDER BY 8;
3、创建主键约束
alter table tbs_usage add constraint tbs_usage_pk_tbs_timeid primary key(tbs_timeid);
4、在crontab中运行每日7点30分更新数据库表空间信息的脚本update_tbs_info.sh
30 07 * * * /Oracle10g/update_tbs_info.sh
其中 update_tbs_info.sh脚本内容如下
#!/bin/ksh
#FileName: update_tbs_info.sh
#CreateDate:2011-10-09
#Discription:take the basic information to insert into the table tbs_usage
PATH=/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/home/oracle/bin:/home/ oracle/bin:/oracle10g/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin;export PATH
ORACLE_SID=zgscdb1;export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle10g/app/oracle;export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/oracle10g/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1;export ORACLE_HOME
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;export PATH
date >> /oracle10g/log/update_tbs_info.log
sqlplus pansky/pansky /oracle10g/log/update_tbs_info.log 2>&1
insert into pansky.tbs_usage
SELECT df.tablespace_name||"-"||(sysdate) tb_timeid,df.tablespace_name||"-"||(sysdate-1) y s_tb_timeid,df.tablespace_name,
COUNT(*) datafile_count,
ROUND(SUM(df.BYTES) / 1048576) size_mb,
ROUND(SUM(free.BYTES) / 1048576, 2) free_mb,
ROUND(SUM(df.BYTES) / 1048576 - SUM(free.BYTES) / 1048576, 2) used_mb,
ROUND(MAX(free.maxbytes) / 1048576, 2) maxfree,
100 - ROUND(100.0 * SUM(free.BYTES) / SUM(df.BYTES), 2) pct_used,
ROUND(100.0 * SUM(free.BYTES) / SUM(df.BYTES), 2) pct_free,sysdate time
FROM dba_data_files df,
(SELECT tablespace_name,
file_id,
SUM(BYTES) BYTES,
MAX(BYTES) maxbytes
FROM dba_free_space
GROUP BY tablespace_name, file_id) free
WHERE df.tablespace_name = free.tablespace_name(+)
AND df.file_id = free.file_id(+)
GROUP BY df.tablespace_name
ORDER BY 8;
commit;
EOF
echo >> /oracle10g/log/update_tbs_info.log
4、查询数据库表空间使用情况的SQL,下例可查询出2011-10-08的表空间使用情况以及相较于2011-10-09日的表空间增长量(MB),并根据pct_used降序排列。
Set linesize 150
Col tablespace_name for a22
select a.tablespace_name,a.datafile_count,a.size_mb,a.free_mb,a.used_mb,a.maxfree,a.pct_used,a.pct_free,to_char(a.time,"yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi") time,(a.USED_MB-b.USED_MB) increase_mb from pansky.tbs_usage a,pansky.tbs_usage b
where a.YS_TBs_TIMEid= b.TBs_TIMEid
and a.time>=to_date("2011-11-02","yyyy-mm-dd") and a.time< to_date("2011-11-03","yyyy-mm-dd") order by pct_used desc;