早上为另外一个公司的一个生产库处理raw使用的问题，现场人员说要把新的lvm的空间给Oracle使用，已经化好lv了，也绑定了映射，但是一直看不到raw；检查了下相关绑定规则参数，而且已经有在使用的规则绑定，他只是copy了新的规则并稍作修改，但是就是不生效。以下是测试过程。
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sdd
Disk /dev/sdd: 524 MB, 524288000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 63 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdd doesn't contain a valid partition table
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-63, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-63, default 63):
Using default value 63
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdd1
Physical volume "/dev/sdd1" successfully created
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdd1 lvm2 a- 494.16M 494.16M
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# pvdisplay
"/dev/sdd1" is a new physical volume of "494.16 MB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdd1
VG Name
PV Size 494.16 MB
Allocatable NO
PE Size (KByte) 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID bgfuhw-eOve-5n87-gKoV-ApCh-GDuv-0WKzJ3
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# vgcreate oravg /dev/sdd1
Volume group "oravg" successfully created
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
oravg 1 0 0 wz--n- 492.00M 492.00M
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name oravg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 492.00 MB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 123
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 123 / 492.00 MB
VG UUID 6KYQkB-3W81-fMAa-vBJ0-9UXk-jaRd-XRMOUQ
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# vgs oravg
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
oravg 1 0 0 wz--n- 492.00M 492.00M
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# vgdisplay oravg
--- Volume group ---
VG Name oravg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 492.00 MB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 123
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 123 / 492.00 MB
VG UUID 6KYQkB-3W81-fMAa-vBJ0-9UXk-jaRd-XRMOUQ
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdd1 oravg lvm2 a- 492.00M 492.00M
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# lvcreate -L200MB -n oralv1 oravg
Logical volume "oralv1" created
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# lvcreate -L200MB -n oralv2 oravg
Logical volume "oralv2" created
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# vgdisplay -v
Finding all volume groups
Finding volume group "oravg"
--- Volume group ---
VG Name oravg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 492.00 MB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 123
Alloc PE / Size 100 / 400.00 MB
Free PE / Size 23 / 92.00 MB
VG UUID 6KYQkB-3W81-fMAa-vBJ0-9UXk-jaRd-XRMOUQ
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/oravg/oralv1
VG Name oravg
LV UUID p5LNXk-X32Y-hAV7-sZQZ-7SId-OOPp-7QCpFK
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 200.00 MB
Current LE 50
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/oravg/oralv2
VG Name oravg
LV UUID 7gFlM5-miH2-ARpg-1LTc-FQb5-zQX6-Hk0d5u
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 200.00 MB
Current LE 50
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
--- Physical volumes ---
PV Name /dev/sdd1
PV UUID bgfuhw-eOve-5n87-gKoV-ApCh-GDuv-0WKzJ3
PV Status allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 123 / 23
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# ls -lL /dev/oravg/oralv*
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 0 04-18 12:27 /dev/oravg/oralv1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 1 04-18 12:27 /dev/oravg/oralv2
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# ls /dev/mapper/* -l
crw------- 1 root root 10, 62 04-18 12:20 /dev/mapper/control
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 0 04-18 12:27 /dev/mapper/oravg-oralv1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 1 04-18 12:27 /dev/mapper/oravg-oralv2
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
# Enter raw device bindings here.
#
# An example would be:
# ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
# ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.
"/etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules" 11L, 472C written
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
# Enter raw device bindings here.
#
# An example would be:
# ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
# ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/oravg/oralv1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/oravg/oralv2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
KERNEL=="raw[3-4]", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="640"
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# start_udev
启动 udev： [确定]
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# raw -aq
/dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 8, minor 16
/dev/raw/raw2: bound to major 8, minor 32
重启os，还是无效看不到raw3和raw4.
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
# Enter raw device bindings here.
#
# An example would be:
# ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
# ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/oravg/oralv1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/oravg/oralv2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="253", ENV{MINOR}=="0", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %M %m"
ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="253", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %M %m"
KERNEL=="raw[3-4]", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="640"
重启os，还是无效看不到raw3和raw4.
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
# Enter raw device bindings here.
#
# An example would be:
# ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
# ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/mapper/oravg-oralv1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/mapper/oravg-oralv2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
#ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="253", ENV{MINOR}=="0", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %M %m"
#ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="253", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %M %m"
KERNEL=="raw[3-4]", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="640"
重启os，还是无效看不到raw3和raw4.
使用手工测试了下发现是可以的：
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# /bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 /dev/mapper/oravg-oralv1
/dev/raw/raw3: bound to major 253, minor 0
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# /bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 /dev/mapper/oravg-oralv2
/dev/raw/raw4: bound to major 253, minor 1
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# raw -qa
/dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 8, minor 16
/dev/raw/raw2: bound to major 8, minor 32
/dev/raw/raw3: bound to major 253, minor 0
/dev/raw/raw4: bound to major 253, minor 1
[root@o564gtser1 ~]# ll /dev/raw/*
crw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 04-18 13:03 /dev/raw/raw1
crw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 2 04-18 13:03 /dev/raw/raw2
crw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 3 04-18 13:09 /dev/raw/raw3
crw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 4 04-18 13:10 /dev/raw/raw4
只好将上述两行命令写入/etc/rc.d/rc.local ：
#add by gtlions test for lvm used in oracle
/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 /dev/mapper/oravg-oralv1
/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 /dev/mapper/oravg-oralv2
chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw3
chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw4
chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw3
chmod 640 /dev/raw/raw4
并删除/etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules内的原来设置的内容即可。
这样就可以在Oracle中使用了：
[oracle@o564gtser1 ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Thu Apr 18 13:25:48 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 281018368 bytes
Fixed Size 2095672 bytes
Variable Size 96470472 bytes
Database Buffers 176160768 bytes
Redo Buffers 6291456 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA01/gt10g/datafile/system.260.812537713
+DATA01/gt10g/datafile/undotbs1.261.812537743
+DATA01/gt10g/datafile/sysaux.262.812537763
+DATA01/gt10g/datafile/users.264.812537785
SQL> create tablespace test datafile '/dev/raw/raw3' size 190m autoextend off;
Tablespace created.
SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA01/gt10g/datafile/system.260.812537713
+DATA01/gt10g/datafile/undotbs1.261.812537743
+DATA01/gt10g/datafile/sysaux.262.812537763
+DATA01/gt10g/datafile/users.264.812537785
/dev/raw/raw3
看来是要直接写入到/etc/rc.d/rc.local。