AIX平台下，Oracle 11G RAC，从11.2.0.2升级到11.2.0.3后，数据库启动失败，报错如下：
[oracle@p520]$sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Apr 6 12:04:52 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup;
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+SYSTEMDG/racdb/spfileracdb.ora'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +SYSTEMDG/racdb/spfileracdb.ora
ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact
经检查，ASM实例启动正常，diskgroup mount正常。
最终确定这个问题是因为bin/oracle权限引起，解决方法如下：
Oracle binary should have permission of 6751. To correct the permission, as owner of oracle binary:
cd $GRID_HOME/bin
chmod 6751 oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin
chmod 6751 oracle
After the change, permission should show:
[oracle@p520]/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs $ls -al $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin 300821572 Apr 06 11:00 /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/bin/oracle
Once the permission is fixed, if database still fails to come up, restart Grid Infrastructure.
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