当前位置:  建站>运营/SEO

[1]sudo: /etc/sudoers is mode 0540, should be 0440解决

环境

 

RedHat Linux 9 + VWWare 7.1.2 + Putty 0.62

 

问题

 

利用非root命令执行root命令出现错误：sudo: /etc/sudoers is mode 0540, should be 0440

 

解决

 

#执行以下命令

chmod 440 /etc/sudoers

 

原因

 

由于误操作对sudoers增加了文件拥有者的可执行权限。

 

参考资料

 

http://blog.163.com/roadwalker@126/blog/static/113561841201043091711292/

 

 

  @Wentasy 博文仅供参考，欢迎大家来访。如有错误之处，希望批评指正。原创博文如需转载请注明出处，谢谢 :) [CSDN博客]

[2]Windows、android连接Linux VNC

以前用XManager，但是感觉那东西非常搓，虽然不需要在远程的Linux上做额外的配置，但是很难用。他会把gnome桌面分成三个部分：上工具栏、桌面、下工具栏，这不知道为什么要这样设计，有时候为了点一个菜单还得从远程桌面切出来，我觉得大部分用户在使用远程桌面的时候不会在远程桌面和本地的系统中做频繁的切换。而且XManager是试用版的，破解版的又指不定有什么后门，putty的某些汉化版中就有后门。

其实在linux上只要装了桌面，并且启用了VNC服务，就可以用其他工具在windows和android上远程连接了。

windows上的VNC viewer就很不错，有免费版的：http://www.realvnc.com

安卓上的pocketclould也很不错

[3]centos 下 编译安装 nginx + mysql + php 服务

1、安装nginx
1.1、安装依赖包
yum install wget make gcc gcc-c++  pcre-devel openssl-devel -y
yum install ncurses-devel libtool zilib-devel -y




1.2、创建www用户
useradd www -s /sbin/nologin -M


1.3、创建目录
mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
mkdir -p /var/tmp/nginx


1.4、解压nginx
tar xvf nginx-0.8.55.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.55
./configure --user=www --group=www \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client_body_temp \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy_temp \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fastcgi_temp \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi_temp \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi_temp


make && make  install


1.5、创建目录
mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d


1.6、创建nginx启动脚本
#! /bin/sh
# Author: Ryan Norbauer http://norbauerinc.com
# Modified: Geoffrey Grosenbach http://topfunky.com
# Modified: Clement NEDELCU
# Reproduced with express authorization from its contributors
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: nginx is a World Wide Web server. It is used to server


set -e
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DESC="nginx daemon"
NAME=nginx
DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME


# If the daemon file is not found, terminate the script.


test -x $DAEMON || exit 0


d_start() {
        $DAEMON || echo -n " already running"
        }
d_stop() {
        $DAEMON -s quit || echo -n " not running"
        }
d_reload() {
        $DAEMON -s reload || echo -n " could not reload"
        }


case "$1" in
        start)
                echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
                d_start
                echo "."
                ;;
        stop)
                echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"
                d_stop
                echo "."
                ;;
        reload)
                echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
                d_reload
                echo "reloaded."
                ;;
        restart)
                echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"
                d_stop
                # Sleep for two seconds before starting again, this should give the
                # Nginx daemon some time to perform a graceful stop.
                sleep 2
                d_start
                echo "."
                ;;
        *)
                echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload}" >&2
                exit 3
                ;;
        esac
        exit 0
·
chmod 700 /etc/init.d/nginx 
chkconfig nginx on


1.7、修改nginx配置文件
cp /conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf
cp /conf/default.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/


2、安装mysql
2.1、安装依赖包
yum -y remove mysql*
yum install wget gcc gcc-c++ make -y
yum install ncurses-devel libtool zilib-devel -y


2.2、创建mysql用户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql


2.3、创建所需目录
mkdir -p /var/run/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql


2.4、解压安装mysql
tar xvf mysql-5.1.66.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.66 


#执行三条语句 解决 /bin/rm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directory
autoreconf --force --install
libtoolize --automake --force
automake --force --add-missing


./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ \
--localstatedir=$mysqldatadir \
--enable-assembler \
--enable-thread-safe-client \
--enable-local-infile \
--with-pthread  \
--with-ssl \
--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static \
--with-client-ldflags=-all-static \
--with-mysqld-user=mysql \
--with-charset=utf8 \
--with-collation=utf8_general_ci \
--with-extra-charsets=complex  \
--with-plugins=innobase,myisam,myisammrg \
--with-big-tables \
--with-unix-socket-path=/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock \
--without-docs \
--without-man  \
--with-embedded-server \
--with-readline 


make && make install


2.5、修改配置文件并启动数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql/
cp share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql


chown -R root.mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
chown -R mysql.mysql /var/run/mysql/


cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod u+x /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig mysql on


cat > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf<<EOF
/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql
EOF
ldconfig




echo "pid-file = /var/run/mysql/mysqld.pid" >> /etc/my.cnf


sed -i 's/skip-locking/skip-external-locking\nmax_connect_errors = 1844674407370954751\nconnect_timeout = 20\nskip-name-resolve/g' /etc/my.cnf




/etc/init.d/mysql start


2.6、创建mysql用户
bin/mysqladmin -u root password root
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation


3、安装php
3.1、yum依赖包安装
yum -y remove php*


yum -y install patch
yum install gd-devel libpng-devel zlib-devel freetype-devel libjpeg-devel libxml2-devel  glibc-devel  glib2-devel  bzip2-devel  libidn-devel curl-devel  libtool-ltdl-devel -y
#yum install libtidy-devel gettext-devel libxslt-devel   -y
#yum install giflib-devel libc-client-devel -y
yum install krb5-devel  -y
yum install openldap-devel -y
yum install perl-devel -y


3.2、安装php扩展
tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && make install


tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 
cd /src/libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make && make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make && make install
/sbin/ldconfig


tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd /src/mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make && make install
/sbin/ldconfig


cat > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/locallib.conf<<EOF
/usr/local/lib
EOF
ldconfig


tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd /src/mcrypt-2.6.8/
./configure
make && make install
/sbin/ldconfig


3.3、安装php
tar xvf php-5.2.17.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1
cd php-5.2.17


./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr \
--enable-xml \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-discard-path \
--enable-safe-mode \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--with-curl \
--with-curlwrappers \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-fastcgi \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-force-cgi-redirect \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-gd \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--with-openssl \
--with-mhash \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-sockets \
--with-ldap \
--with-ldap-sasl \
--with-xmlrpc \
--enable-zip \
--enable-soap \
--with-gettext


make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'  
make install


3.4、修改配置文件并启动php-fpm
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php1/etc/php.ini
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start
注：php-fpm启动失败的时候，可以根据错误提示进行配置文件的用户修改，或者是重新编译php。


3.5、修改nginx 配置文件，使其支持php
server
{
    listen       80;
    server_name lo