1、用户:
select username from dba_users;
改口令
alter user spgroup identified by spgtest;
2、表空间:
select * from dba_data_files;
select * from dba_tablespaces;//表空间
select * from dba_data_files
where tablespace_name='RBS';//表空间对应的数据文件
select * from dba_segments
where tablespace_name='INDEXS';
3、数据库对象:
select * from dba_objects;
CLUSTER、DATABASE LINK、FUNCTION、INDEX、LIBRARY、PACKAGE、PACKAGE BODY、
PROCEDURE、SEQUENCE、SYNONYM、TABLE、TRIGGER、TYPE、UNDEFINED、VIEW。
4、表:
select * from dba_tables;
analyze my_table compute statistics;->dba_tables后6列
列信息:
select distinct table_name
from user_tab_columns
where column_name='SO_TYPE_ID';
5、索引:
select * from dba_indexes;//索引,包括主键索引
select * from dba_ind_columns;//索引列
select i.index_name,i.uniqueness,c.column_name
from user_indexes i,user_ind_columns c
where i.index_name=c.index_name
and i.table_name ='ACC_NBR';//联接使用
6、序列:
select * from dba_sequences;
7、视图:
select * from dba_views;
select * from all_views;
text 可用于查询视图生成的脚本
8、聚簇:
select * from dba_clusters;
9、快照:
select * from dba_snapshots;
快照、分区应存在相应的表空间。
10、同义词:
select * from dba_synonyms
where table_owner='SPGROUP';
//if owner is PUBLIC,then the synonyms is a public synonym.
if owner is one of users,then the synonyms is a private synonym.
11、数据库链:
select * from dba_db_links;
在spbase下建数据库链
create database link dbl_spnew
connect to spnew identified by spnew using 'jhhx';
insert into acc_nbr@dbl_spnew
select * from acc_nbr where nxx_nbr='237' and line_nbr='8888';
12、触发器:
select * from dba_trigers;
存储过程,函数从dba_objects查找。
其文本:select text from where name='BOOK_SP_EXAMPLE';
建立出错:select * from ;
13、约束:
(1)约束是和表关联的,可在create table或alter table table_name add/drop/modify来建立、修改、删除约束。
可以临时禁止约束,如:
alter table book_example
constraint book_example_1;
alter table book_example
constraint book_example_1;
(2)主键和外键被称为表约束,而not null和unique之类的约束被称为列约束。通常将主键和外键作为单独的命名约束放在字段列表下面,而列约束可放在列定义的同一行,这样更具有可读性。
(3)列约束可从表定义看出,即describe;表约束即主键和外键,可从dba_constraints和dba_cons_columns 查。
select * from user_constraints
where table_name='BOOK_EXAMPLE';
select owner,CONSTRAINT_NAME,TABLE_NAME
from user_constraints
where constraint_type='R'
order by table_name;
(4)定义约束可以无名(系统自动生成约束名)和自己定义约束名(特别是主键、外键)
如:create table book_example
(identifier number not null);
create table book_example
(identifier number constranit book_example_1 not null);
14、回滚段:
在所有的修改结果存入磁盘前,回滚段中保持恢复该事务所需的全部信息,必须以数据库发生的事务来相应确定其大小(DML语句才可回滚,create,drop,truncate等DDL不能回滚)。
create rollback segment r05
tablespace rbs;
create rollback segment rbs_cvt
tablespace rbs
storage(initial 1M next 500k);
使回滚段在线
alter rollback segment r04 online;
用dba_extents,v$rollback_segs监测回滚段的大小和动态增长。
回滚段的区间信息
select * from dba_extents
where segment_type='ROLLBACK' and segment_name='RB1';
回滚段的段信息,其中bytes显示目前回滚段的字节数
select * from dba_segments
where segment_type='ROLLBACK' and segment_name='RB1';
为事物指定回归段
set transaction use rollback segment rbs_cvt
针对bytes可以使用回滚段回缩。
alter rollback segment rbs_cvt shrink;
select bytes,extents,max_extents from dba_segments
where segment_type='ROLLBACK' and segment_name='RBS_CVT';
回滚段的当前状态信息:
select * from dba_rollback_segs
where segment_name='RB1';
比多回滚段状态status,回滚段所属实例instance_num
查优化值optimal
select n.name,s.optsize
from v$rollname n,v$rollstat s
where n.usn=s.usn;
回滚段中的数据
set transaction use rollback segment rb1;/*回滚段名*/
select n.name,s.writes
from v$rollname n,v$rollstat s
where n.usn=s.usn;
当事务处理完毕,再次查询$rollstat,比较writes(回滚段条目字节数)差值,可确定事务的大小。
查询回滚段中的事务
column rr heading 'RB Segment' format a18
column us heading 'Username' format a15
column os heading 'Os User' format a10
column te heading 'Terminal' format a10
select r.name rr,nvl(s.username,'no transaction') us,s.oSUSEr os,s.terminal te
from v$lock l,v$session s,v$rollname r
where l.sid=s.sid(+)
and trunc(l.id1/65536)=R.USN
and l.type='TX'
and l.lmode=6
order by r.name;
15、作业
查询作业信息
select job,broken,next_date,interval,what from user_jobs;
select job,broken,next_date,interval,what from dba_jobs;
查询正在运行的作业
select * from dba_jobs_running;
使用包exec dbms_job.submit(:v_num,'a;',sysdate,'sysdate + (10/(24*60*60))')加入作业。间隔10秒钟
exec dbms_job.submit(:v_num,'a;',sysdate,'sysdate + (11/(24*60))')加入作业。间隔11分钟使用包exec dbms_job.remove(21)删除21号作业。
查看用户和默认表空间的关系 select username,default_tablespace from dba_users;
查看当前用户的表 select table_name from user_tables;
查看所有用户的表名 select table_name from all_tables;
查看所有表名(包括系统表) select table_name from all_tables;
查看所有的表 select * from tab/dba_tables/dba_objects/cat;
◆Oracle查询用户表空间: select * from user_all_tables
◆Oracle查询所有函数和储存过程:select * from user_source
◆Oracle查询所有用户: select * from all_users.select * from dba_users
◆Oracle查看当前用户
◆Oracle查看当前用户权限: select * from session_privs
Oracle查看用户表空间使用情况:
select a.file_id "FileNo" , a.tablespace_name "Tablespace_name",
a.bytes "Bytes" , a.bytes-sum(nvl(b.bytes,0)) "Used",
sum(nvl(b.bytes,0)) "Free" , sum(nvl(b.bytes,0))/a.bytes*100 "%free"
from dba_data_files a, dba_free_space b
where a.file_id=b.file_id(+)
group by a.tablespace_name , a.file_id,a.bytes
order by a.tablespace_name;
1.查看所有用户:
select * from dba_user;
select * from all_users;
select * from user_users;
2.查看用户系统权限:
select * from dba_sys_privs;
select * from all_sys_privs;
select * from user_sys_privs;
3.查看用户对象权限:
select * from dba_tab_privs;
select * from all_tab_privs;
select * from user_tab_privs;
4.查看所有角色:
select * from dba_roles;
5.查看用户所拥有的角色:
select * from dba_role_privs;
select * from user_role_privs;
6.查看角色所拥有的权限:
select * from role_sys_privs;
select * from role_tab_privs;
7.查看所有系统权限 select * from system_privilege_map;
8.查看所有对象权限 select * from table_privilege_map;
9.查看日期等字符集 select * from v$nls_parameters;
10.查看 密码文件的信息v$PWFILE_USERS