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如何重建RAC的控制文件

    来源: 互联网  发布时间:2017-06-11

    本文导语: 在下面的一些情况下,可能需要重建控制文件: o 所有控制文件都已损坏或丢失o 没有针对控制文件的备份或者备份已损坏 下面是针对RAC环境下重建控制文件的具体过程, 包括两个例子。一个是以noresetlogs模式来重建控制文件,...

在下面的一些情况下,可能需要重建控制文件:

o 所有控制文件都已损坏或丢失
o 没有针对控制文件的备份或者备份已损坏

下面是针对RAC环境下重建控制文件的具体过程, 包括两个例子。一个是以noresetlogs模式来重建控制文件,一个是以resetlogs模式来重建控制文件。如果redo logs都存在而且没有被损坏,那么可以采用noresetlogs。 使用resetlogs会将所有redo log清空而且重置log sequence为1.

在RAC上重建控制文件与单实例有一些小区别: 在重建控制文件前必须设置cluster_database=false,而且只启动一个实例来执行操作,否则会报错
ORA-01503: CREATE CONTROLFILE failed
 ORA-12720: operation requires database is in EXCLUSIVE mode

重建完控制文件后,需要再将cluster_database设为true.

TESTCASE1
 ---------------------------
用noresetlog模式重建控制文件

 过程:

1.首先生成重建控制文件的脚本:
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;

 Database altered.

 2. 所生成的控制文件的脚本会在udump下:

SQL> show parameter user_dump_dest

 NAME                                TYPE        VALUE
 ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
 user_dump_dest                      string      /u01/app/Oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/RACDB1/trace

数据库的Alert log中也会详细输出这个文件的路径和名字:
alter database backup controlfile to trace
 Backup controlfile written to trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/RACDB1/trace/RACDB1_ora_10076.trc
 


(注意: 例子中使用到的具体脚本,比如创建控制文件和添加临时数据文件的命令都在上面生成的trace文件中,其它步骤和命令也基本都在这个trace中)。

3. 停止所有数据库实例:
[oracle@rac1 trace]$ srvctl stop database -d RACDB
 


4. 用noresetlog重建控制文件:
[oracle@rac1 trace]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Jan 8 11:23:44 2014

 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 Connected to an idle instance.

 SQL> startup nomount; CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "RACDB" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
  2      MAXLOGFILES 192
  3      MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
  4      MAXDATAFILES 1024
  5      MAXINSTANCES 32
  6      MAXLOGHISTORY 292
  7  LOGFILE
  8    GROUP 1 (
  9      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.261.783272805',
 10      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.783272807'
 11    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
 12    GROUP 2 (
 13      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.783272807',
 14      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.783272809'
 15    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
 16    GROUP 3 (
 17      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.269.804115405',
 18      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.261.804115405'
 19    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
 20    GROUP 4 (
 21      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.270.804115405',
 22      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.263.804115407'
 23    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
 24  -- STANDBY LOGFILE
 25  DATAFILE
 26    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/system.256.783272707',
 27    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/sysaux.257.783272707',
 28    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.783272707',
 29    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/users.259.783272707',
 30    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/example.264.783272831',
 31    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.783273081'
 32  CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
 33  ;
 CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "RACDB" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
 *
 ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01503: CREATE CONTROLFILE failed
ORA-12720: operation requires database is in EXCLUSIVE mode  alter system set cluster_database=false scope=spfile;

 System altered.

 SQL> shutdown immediate
 ORA-01507: database not mounted


 ORACLE instance shut down.

 SQL> startup nomount;
 ORACLE instance started.

 Total System Global Area  739065856 bytes
 Fixed Size                  2232032 bytes
 Variable Size            549454112 bytes
 Database Buffers          184549376 bytes
 Redo Buffers                2830336 bytes
 SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "RACDB" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
  2      MAXLOGFILES 192
  3      MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
  4      MAXDATAFILES 1024
  5      MAXINSTANCES 32
  6      MAXLOGHISTORY 292
  7  LOGFILE
  8    GROUP 1 (
  9      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.261.783272805',
 10      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.783272807'
 11    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
 12    GROUP 2 (
 13      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.783272807',
 14      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.783272809'
 15    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
 16    GROUP 3 (
 17      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.269.804115405',
 18      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.261.804115405'
 19    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
 20    GROUP 4 (
 21      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.270.804115405',
 22      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.263.804115407'
 23    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
 24  -- STANDBY LOGFILE
 25  DATAFILE
 26    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/system.256.783272707',
 27    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/sysaux.257.783272707',
 28    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.783272707',
 29    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/users.259.783272707',
 30    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/example.264.783272831',
 31    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.783273081'
 32  CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
 33  ;

 Control file created.

 SQL> select * from v$log; recover database;
 ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
 ORA-00264: no recovery required

 SQL> alter system  archive log all;

 System altered.

 SQL> alter database open;

 Database altered.

 SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '+DATA/racdb/tempfile/temp.263.783272821'
  2      SIZE 39845888  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M; 《==别忘了添加原来的临时文件到临时表空间中

Tablespace altered.

 6.将cluster_database设为true :
 SQL> alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile;

 System altered.

 SQL> shutdown immediate;
 Database closed.
 Database dismounted.
 ORACLE instance shut down.
 SQL> exit

 Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
 With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
 and Real Application Testing options

 7. 启动所有实例:
[oracle@rac1 trace]$ srvctl start database -d RACDB
 [oracle@rac1 trace]$ srvctl status database -d RACDB
 Instance RACDB1 is running on node rac1
 Instance RACDB2 is running on node rac2

TESTCASE2
 ---------------------------
用resetlogs模式重建控制文件

Test Process:

 1.首先生成重建控制文件的脚本:
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;

 Database altered.

 2. 数据库的Alert log中也会详细输出这个文件的路径和名字:
alter database backup controlfile to trace
 Backup controlfile written to trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/RACDB1/trace/RACDB1_ora_5649.trc

 3. 设置cluster_database=false:
SQL> alter system set cluster_database=false scope=spfile;
 System altered.

否则,在重建控制文件的时候会报下面的错误:

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "RACDB" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
 *
 ERROR at line 1:
 ORA-01503: CREATE CONTROLFILE failed
 ORA-12720: operation requires database is in EXCLUSIVE mode

 4. 停止所有数据库实例:
[oracle@rac1 trace]$ srvctl stop database -d RACDB
 [oracle@rac1 trace]$ srvctl status database -d RACDB
 Instance RACDB1 is not running on node rac1
 Instance RACDB2 is not running on node rac2

 5. 用resetlogs模式重建控制文件:

[oracle@rac1 trace]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Jan 8 12:45:25 2013

 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 Connected to an idle instance.

 SQL> startup nomount;
 ORACLE instance started.

 Total System Global Area  739065856 bytes
 Fixed Size                  2232032 bytes
 Variable Size            549454112 bytes
 Database Buffers          184549376 bytes
 Redo Buffers                2830336 bytes

 SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "RACDB" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
  2      MAXLOGFILES 192
  3      MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
  4      MAXDATAFILES 1024
  5      MAXINSTANCES 32
  6      MAXLOGHISTORY 292
  7  LOGFILE
  8    GROUP 1 (
  9      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.261.783272805',
 10      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.783272807'
 11    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
 12    GROUP 2 (
 13      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.783272807',
 14      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.783272809'
 15    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
 16  -- STANDBY LOGFILE
 17  DATAFILE
 18    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/system.256.783272707',
 19    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/sysaux.257.783272707',
 20    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.783272707',
 21    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/users.259.783272707',
 22    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/example.264.783272831',
 23    '+DATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.783273081'
 24  CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
 25  ;

 Control file created.

SQL> RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE UNTIL CANCEL;  ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2
  2    GROUP 3 (
  3      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.269.804115405',
  4      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.261.804115405'
  5    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512 REUSE,
  6    GROUP 4 (
  7      '+DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.270.804115405',
  8      '+RECO/racdb/onlinelog/group_4.263.804115407'
  9    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512 REUSE;
 ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2
 *
 ERROR at line 1:
 ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_3.269.804115405.  File
 has an Oracle Managed Files file name. 


对于ASM,使用了OMF命名规则时不能指定具体的文件名,只需要指定diskgroup名即可:

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2
  2    GROUP 3 (
 3      '+DATA',
 4      '+RECO'
  5    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512 REUSE,
  6    GROUP 4 (
 7      '+DATA',
 8      '+RECO'
  9    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512 REUSE;

 Database altered.

 SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

 Database altered.

 SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '+DATA/racdb/tempfile/temp.263.783272821'
  2          SIZE 39845888  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M;

 Tablespace altered.

 6. 设置cluster_database=true :
 SQL> alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile;

 System altered.

 SQL> shutdown immediate;
 Database closed.
 Database dismounted.
 ORACLE instance shut down.

 7. 启动所有实例:

[oracle@rac1 trace]$ srvctl start database -d RACDB
 [oracle@rac1 trace]$ srvctl status database -d RACDB
 Instance RACDB1 is running on node rac1
 Instance RACDB2 is running on node rac2 


    
 
 
 
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