测试环境：OEL+11.2.0.1
实例名：orcl2
DBID：1336959433
场景：Oracle数据库的存储坏了，数据文件和控制文件全部丢失，只有数据文件的备份集，且备份集中无控制文件。（当然了，oracle10g和11g中是自动备份数据文件的）
备份数据库
首先将数据库进行全备
[oracle@DBA2 backup]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Sep 22 00:05:52 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL2 (DBID=1336959433)
RMAN> backup database format '/backup/orcl_%U' plus archivelog;
Starting backup at 22-SEP-13
current log archived
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=38 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1 RECID=16 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=2 RECID=9 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=3 RECID=8 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=4 RECID=10 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=5 RECID=11 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=6 RECID=17 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=7 RECID=19 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=8 RECID=18 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=9 RECID=13 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=10 RECID=12 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=11 RECID=15 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=12 RECID=14 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=13 RECID=21 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=14 RECID=22 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=15 RECID=20 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=16 RECID=7 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=17 RECID=4 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=18 RECID=5 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=19 RECID=1 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=20 RECID=2 STAMP=826760691
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
piece handle=/u/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL2/backupset/2013_09_22/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20130922T000600_93vjz8nh_.bkp tag=TAG20130922T000600 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1 RECID=6 STAMP=826760691
input archived log thread=1 sequence=2 RECID=3 STAMP=826760691
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
piece handle=/u/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL2/backupset/2013_09_22/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20130922T000600_93vk288l_.bkp tag=TAG20130922T000600 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1 RECID=23 STAMP=826761959
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
piece handle=/u/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL2/backupset/2013_09_22/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20130922T000600_93vk29cw_.bkp tag=TAG20130922T000600 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 22-SEP-13
Starting backup at 22-SEP-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/oradata/orcl2/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/oradata/orcl2/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/oradata/orcl2/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/oradata/orcl2/seven.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/orcl2/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
piece handle=/backup/orcl_04okeoqa_1_1 tag=TAG20130922T000738 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:05
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
piece handle=/backup/orcl_05okeou7_1_1 tag=TAG20130922T000738 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 22-SEP-13
Starting backup at 22-SEP-13
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=2 RECID=24 STAMP=826762186
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 22-SEP-13
piece handle=/u/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL2/backupset/2013_09_22/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20130922T000946_93vk6b6o_.bkp tag=TAG20130922T000946 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 22-SEP-13
RMAN>
查看备份文件：
[oracle@DBA2 backup]$ ls
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1182695424 Sep 22 00:09 orcl_04okeoqa_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10158080 Sep 22 00:09 orcl_05okeou7_1_1
orcl_04okeoqa_1_1是数据文件的备份集，orcl_05okeou7_1_1是控制文件和参数文件的备份集。
制造实验场景
删除数据文件和控制文件：
[oracle@DBA2 oradata]$ cd /oradata/orcl2/
[oracle@DBA2 orcl2]$ ls
control01.ctl redo02.log seven.dbf system01.dbf temp02.dbf users01.dbf
redo01.log redo03.log sysaux01.dbf temp01.dbf undotbs01.dbf
[oracle@DBA2 orcl2]$ rm *
[oracle@DBA2 orcl2]$ ls
[oracle@DBA2 orcl2]$ cd /u/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl2/
[oracle@DBA2 orcl2]$ ls
control02.ctl
[oracle@DBA2 orcl2]$ rm *
[oracle@DBA2 orcl2]$
数据文件和控制文件现已全部删除，数据库也会随之崩溃；