问题：
这是一个从RAC环境的数据库的RAMN备份恢复到一个单机数据库的操作。当恢复数据文件和恢复正常，但在open数据库时出报下面的错误。
--rman备份恢复操作
#创建参数文件
cd $Oracle_HOME/dbs
$cat initntracdb.ora
*.archive_lag_target=0
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/controlfile1.dbf','/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/controlfile2.dbf'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb'
*.db_name='ntracdb'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=299000M
*.db_unique_name='ntracdb'
*.dg_broker_start=true
*.local_listener='(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=nticket3)(PORT=1521))'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.log_archive_max_processes=4
*.log_archive_min_succeed_dest=1
*.log_archive_trace=0
*.log_file_name_convert='null','null'
*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIEDCHINESE'
*.nls_territory='CHINA'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=429496729
*.processes=600
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.sga_max_size=3435973836
*.sga_target=3221225472
*.standby_file_management='auto'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
rman target /
startup nomount;
restore controlfile from'/home/oracle/rmanbak/ncnnf0_TAG20141110T011010_0.1205.863228449'; --首先恢复控制文件
alter database mount;
catalog start with'/home/oracle/rmanbak/'; --批量登记拷过来的rman备份，假设拷过来的备份放到了/u01/rmanbak/目录
list backup; --查看要恢复的是不是这个备份文件
run {
set newname for datafile'+DATA01/ntracdb/datafile/users.295.855410331' to'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/users.295.855410331';
set newname for datafile'+DATA01/ntracdb/datafile/undotbs1.263.855410331' to'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/undotbs1.263.855410331';
set newname for datafile'+DATA01/ntracdb/datafile/sysaux.264.855410331' to'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/sysaux.264.855410331';
set newname for datafile'+DATA01/ntracdb/datafile/system.265.855410331' to'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/system.265.855410331';
set newname for datafile'+DATA01/ntracdb/datafile/undotbs2.293.855410453' to'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/undotbs2.293.855410453';
set newname for datafile'+DATA01/ntracdb/datafile/undotbs3.292.855410453' to'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/undotbs3.292.855410453';
set newname for datafile'+DATA01/ntracdb/datafile/sysaux.257.857772301' to '/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/sysaux.257.857772301';
set newname for datafile'+DATA01/ntracdb/datafile/strategy.256.858008275' to'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/strategy.256.858008275'
restore database;
switch datafile all;
recover database;
}
--打开数据库时报错
$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误
ORA-03113：通信通道的文件结尾
进程 ID ：6988
回话 ID：191 序列号：3
--查看日志
Thu Nov 13 10:13:20 2014
alter database open
Data Guard Brokerinitializing...
Data Guard Brokerinitialization complete
Data Guard: verifying databaseprimary role...
Thu Nov 13 10:13:20 2014
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
Thu Nov 13 10:13:20 2014
ARC0 started with pid=21, OSid=26949
ARC0: Archival started
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSESCOMPLETE
ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
LGWR: Primary database is inMAXIMUM AVAILABILITY mode
LGWR: DestinationLOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 is not serviced by LGWR
LGWR: Minimum of 1 LGWR standbydatabase required
Errors in file/u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/ntracdb/ntracdb/trace/ntracdb_lgwr_26870.trc:
ORA-16072: a minimum of onestandby database destination is required
Thu Nov 13 10:13:21 2014
ARC1 started with pid=22, OSid=26953
LGWR (ospid: 26870):terminating the instance due to error 16072
Thu Nov 13 10:13:21 2014
System statedump requested by (instance=1, osid=26870 (LGWR)), summary=[abnormal instancetermination].
System Statedumped to trace file/u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/ntracdb/ntracdb/trace/ntracdb_diag_26846_20141113101321.trc
Dumpingdiagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20141113101321], requested by (instance=1,osid=26870 (LGWR)), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
Instanceterminated by LGWR, pid = 26870
原因：
可能是控制文件备份时失败所致
解决办法：
重建控制文件，然后再打开数据库
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSEDATABASE "ntracdb" NORESETLOGS FORCE LOGGING ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 9344
LOGFILE
GROUP 1'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/NTRACDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_b682j5nk_.log' SIZE 200M,
GROUP 2 '/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/NTRACDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_b682j7gw_.log' SIZE 200M,
GROUP 3'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/NTRACDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_b682j98k_.log' SIZE 200M,
GROUP 4'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/NTRACDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_b682jc2t_.log' SIZE 200M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/users.295.855410331',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/undotbs1.263.855410331',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/sysaux.264.855410331',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/system.265.855410331',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/undotbs2.293.855410453',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/undotbs3.292.855410453',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/sysaux.257.857772301',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/strategy.256.858008275',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/strategy.302.858008423'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
SQL> RECOVER DATABASE;
ORA-00283: 恢复会话因错误而取消
ORA-00264: 不要求恢复
--此时可以正常打开数据库
SQL> alter database open;
数据库已更改。
#创建临时表空间
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp TEMPFILE'/u01/oracle/oradata/ntracdb/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 20M REUSE
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM SIZE 16M;
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