RMAN在使用recover catalog的情况下在nomount状态连接实例出现以下错误信息：
RMAN-00554: initialization of internal recovery manager package failed
RMAN-04005: error from target database:
ORA-12528: TNS:listener: all appropriate instances are blocking new connections
下面我来模拟一下这种情况
1.将数据库置于nomount状态
SQL> startup nomount
Oracle instance started.
Total System Global Area 327155712 bytes
Fixed Size 1273516 bytes
Variable Size 138412372 bytes
Database Buffers 184549376 bytes
Redo Buffers 2920448 bytes
2.连接目标数据库
[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ rman target sys/zzh_2046@test catalog rman/rman@jy
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Sun Feb 1 23:01:08 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00554: initialization of internal recovery manager package failed
RMAN-04005: error from target database:
ORA-12528: TNS:listener: all appropriate instances are blocking new connections
3.检查监听状态
[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on 01-FEB-2015 23:00:49
Copyright (c) 1991, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production
Start Date 01-FEB-2015 22:51:09
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 9 min. 40 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle11g)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "test" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "test", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "test_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "test", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
从上面的信息可以看到Instance "test",status BLOCKED，对于ora-12528错误在MOS有一篇文章描述造成这种问题的原因:
Cause
When an instance is in restricted mode, PMON updates the listener with that information and blocks new connections from being established.
The lsnrctl services output will show the handler is blocked for new connections or lsnrctl status may show the instance is in RESTRICTED mode.
解决方法如下:
The (UR=A) clause for TNS connect strings was created in response to an enhancement request. This clause can be inserted into the "(CONNECT_DATA=" section of a TNS connect string and allow a privileged or administrative user to connect via the listener even when the service handler is blocking connections for non-privileged users.
Here's an example of a connect string configured with (UR=A):
PROD =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = myhost.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521)))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(UR=A)
(SERVICE_NAME = prod10ib.oracle.com)
)
)
Please note that the (UR=A) clause is intended to work with a dynamically registered handler so the use of SERVICE_NAME versus SID is required when using dynamic registration (i.e. handler exists in lsnrctl output but is BLOCKED). The use of SID in a TNS connect string may allow a connection if using a static handler in the listener.ora file under SID_DESC.
4.修改tns文件增加(UR=A)
[oracle@oracle11g admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora
test =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.2)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(UR=A)
(SERVICE_NAME = test)
)
)
jy =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.56.11)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = jy)
)
)
5.再次连接目标数据库执行恢复
[oracle@oracle11g admin]$ rman target sys/zzh_2046@test catalog rman/rman@jy
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Sun Feb 1 23:04:03 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: test (not mounted)
connected to recovery catalog database
RMAN> restore controlfile;
Starting restore at 01-FEB-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db/dbs/c-2155613261-20150201-01
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db/dbs/c-2155613261-20150201-01 tag=TAG20150201T213315
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control01.ctl
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control02.ctl
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control03.ctl
Finished restore at 01-FEB-15
RMAN> sql 'alter database mount';
sql statement: alter database mount
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 01-FEB-15
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 01-FEB-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK
Crosschecked 8 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 01-FEB-15
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 01-FEB-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Crosschecked 6 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 01-FEB-15
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archive log thread 1 sequence 3 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log
archive log thread 1 sequence 4 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log
archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log thread=1 sequence=3
archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log thread=1 sequence=4
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 01-FEB-15
RMAN> sql 'alter database open resetlogs';
sql statement: alter database open resetlogs
new incarnation of database registered in recovery catalog
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete
出现这个问题的原因是当使用动态注册监听时，当实例处于限制模式或受阻的情况下PMON将会更新监听程序来阻新的连接，解决方法其实有两种：
一是在tns连接描述串中增加(UR=A)子句来让动态监听程序使用service_name来进行注册
二是使用静态监听注册
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